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Do you really need to have your car's oil changed every 3,000 miles? Experts say not necessarily. VM/GETTY IMAGES Oil changes are just one of the many minor hassles of car ownership, but they're crucial to keeping your car in good shape. Furthermore, if you don't change your oil on time and with the proper products, it could void your car's warranty. However, experts now say that the standard oil change interval of every three months — or every 3,000 miles (4,828 kilometers) — is old news, and that most cars can travel quite a bit farther before needing oil replaced. If you're changing your oil more frequently than necessary, it won't help your car. It doesn't harm it either, but you're wasting money, time and resources. Keep in mind, too, that throwing away oil that's still usable puts a strain on the environment. There are four main "recommended" intervals for oil changes based on factors specific to you and your car: Every 1,000 miles (1,609 kilometers) or every six months Every 3,000 miles (4,828 kilometers) Every 5,000 to 7,500 miles (8,046 to 12,070 kilometers) Every 10,000 to 15,000 miles or every six months (16,093 to 24,140 kilometers) Let's take a look at the circumstances for each. Change Every 1,000 Miles First, if some experts say that 3,000 miles is too often, why would those same experts recommend intervals of every 1,000 miles? It all depends on your driving habits. If your driving routine consists mostly of trips that are 10 miles or less, you should consider changing your oil more often than every 3,000 miles for two reasons. If you aren't making long trips at high, steady speeds (like you would on a highway) then your engine isn't getting hot enough to boil off condensation that accumulates in the system. That can cause oil to break down faster. Most of the wear and tear on your engine occurs when you're starting your car, and if you aren't driving very far, most of your driving is of the type that is very hard on your engine. More frequent oil changes will help minimize the damage. In short, if you drive your car infrequently, as in much less than the mileage of your recommended service interval, you should still change your oil twice a year since the oil degrades over time. Change More Frequently Some car experts suggest that the 3,000-mile interval is really for the benefit of shops that change oil, since the more frequently you come in, the more money they make. Still, if you have an older-model car that recommends this interval, you're probably better off adhering to it. Scientific American makes the case for longer intervals, specifically every 5,000 to 7,500 miles, based on the fact that this is what's recommended in most car owners' manuals. The 5,000 to 7,500 miles interval is becoming increasingly common, though some manufacturers recommend you also take your driving style and habits into account. For instance, if your car is fairly new and you usually drive 20 minutes or more and achieve fairly steady speeds (as opposed to stop-and-go traffic the entire drive) you are a prime candidate for increasing the time between your oil changes. However, if your car is older, it's best to stick with the manufacturer's recommend maintenance schedule. Change Every 10,000 Miles If your car's manufacturer recommends synthetic oil, or if you decide to make the switch, you could go as many as 10,000 miles or morebetween oil changes. Though synthetic oil is much more expensive than regular oil, it has more benefits. It performs better than regular oil (see Now That's Interesting, below) and is better for the environment. Opinion differs, though, whether upgrading is worth it. While some experts suggest doing it in most circumstances, Consumer Reports says that, generally, you shouldn't switch to synthetic if your car doesn't need it. If you frequently tow heavy loads, synthetic oil can help ease the extra strain on your engine. If you own a model known to be prone to sludge issues (that is, when your engine gets clogged with the residue of degraded oil), synthetic oil can help alleviate those problems and prolong the life of your engine.

Six podium finishes in the daily results, reliably working electric drive systems, full competitiveness on debut and fascination with e-mobility at the world’s toughest rally: Audi already puts an exclamation mark on the first half of the Dakar Rally with its innovative strength. “What I have seen from our team up to the rest day of the Dakar Rally impressed me,” says Oliver Hoffmann, Audi Board Member for Technical Development. “Our team has developed the Audi RS Q e-tron in record time. Right off the bat, we are strong on a sporting level. Our drivers, co-drivers and the entire team are showing a great team performance. And our advanced technology fulfills the expectations placed in it.” Carlos Sainz/Lucas Cruz caused great excitement and high media attention as early as on the fourth day of the competition: The three-time Dakar winners managed the Audi RS Q e-tron’s first stage victory on the 338-kilometer special stage from Al Artawiya to Al Qaisumah in the Saudi Arabian desert. In the process, the two Spaniards achieved an average of 138 km/h – an impressive figure on unpaved tracks. The entire Team Audi Sport received the two stage winners with jubilation in the bivouac afterwards. Audi’s interim tally after seven days includes one first, two second and three third places in the stage results. In addition to Sainz/Cruz, fourteen-time Dakar winner Stéphane Peterhansel with his co-driver Edouard Boulanger as well as Mattias Ekström/Emil Bergkvist, who are contesting only their second Dakar Rally, have contributed to this track record. “The spirit that prevails in the team makes me proud,” says Julius Seebach, Managing Director of Audi Sport GmbH and responsible for motorsport at Audi. “The cohesion throughout the first half of the rally shows how quickly this young team has grown into a unit. Even the preparation phase was extremely intensive in order to be ‘race ready’ at the start. From the white sheet of paper to the desert we only had one year of development time for the most complex vehicle in Audi Motorsport history. For me, the cohesion in the team is crucial for the successes already achieved, which exceed what newcomers can expect at their first Dakar.” The complexity of the three prototypes is extremely high: For the first time, the alternative drive concept combines an electric powertrain with a high-voltage battery and a highly efficient energy converter. Despite a very short test phase, the systems of all three cars run without complaint in the tough everyday desert conditions. Despite all its successes, Audi also had to face Dakar-specific challenges on almost 4,700 kilometers in the meantime. In addition to difficulties with navigation on the second day, suspension damage robbed the team of all chances. Stéphane Peterhansel presumably damaged a rim and the lower wishbone of the rear left suspension on a stone on the second day, resulting in consequential damage. The Frenchman had to wait for the race truck for the repair. The subsequent direct drive to the bivouac, which is usual in such cases, and the checkpoints missed as a result additionally earned the team 16 penalty hours. Afterwards, last year’s winners put themselves entirely at the service of the team and repeatedly helped Carlos Sainz change the shock absorbers on the sixth and seventh stages. “That was first-class and shows the qualities and team spirit of our drivers,” said Julius Seebach. While the team is already incorporating improvements in many areas of the car on site, Stefan Dreyer, Head of Development Audi Sport racing, has a list of medium- and longer-term optimization points that is filling up with each day of the rally. “We were surprised that the only obstacles so far have been in conventional areas like the suspension. It’s impressive that our innovative and highly stressed drive concept has worked flawlessly so far and that the vehicle’s performance is right as well,” says Dreyer. “At the same time, we know that the rally still has a long way to go. Our goal remains to arrive in Jeddah in a week’s time with all three cars.” After more than 8,000 kilometers, the participants will reach the rally’s destination in the port city on the Red Sea on January 14. Currently, Mattias Ekström as the best Audi driver is in 14th place overall, Carlos Sainz is 25th and Stéphane Peterhansel 71st.

From marathon talks in Geneva between the US and Russia, to the first meeting of the Nato-Russia Council in more than two years, to a session of the Organization for Cooperation and Security in Europe in Vienna, grievances have been aired, red lines drawn, accusations levelled. Wendy Sherman, Washington's veteran negotiator, spoke of "a better understanding of each other and each other's priorities and concerns", after almost eight hours of talks with Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov on Monday. For his part, Mr Ryabkov said the Americans had "considered our concerns seriously". When the focus shifted to Nato, the Alliance's Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg spoke of "a general willingness and support of the idea of dialogue" from his Russian interlocutors. At a time when 100,000 Russian troops maintain their menacing presence on Ukraine's northern and eastern borders - the comings and goings of specific units and pieces of equipment minutely analysed for clues as to the Kremlin's true intentions - the fact that so much time has been spent talking this week is positive. link: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-59985589

The Australian government was never going to come out of this saga looking good. They've been on the back foot ever since Novak Djokovic announced he was coming to defend his Australian Open title. The decision to cancel Djokovic's visa - after a court previously ruled in his favour - is largely about saving face with Australian voters in an election year. To achieve this, the government is prepared to endure any diplomatic fallout, international embarrassment and the wrath of Djokovic's supporters. Throughout the past two weeks, the federal government has been adamant to make a point: no-one is above the rules. Not even the men's world number one. A simple, straightforward principle. But the way it's been handled has been anything but. On the afternoon before Djokovic arrived, Prime Minister Scott Morrison said the player would "be on the next plane home" if his documents were not in order on arrival in Melbourne. "Rules are rules," Mr Morrison reiterated when Djokovic's visa was revoked the next day, on 6 January. When Djokovic challenged the decision, Mr Morrison said it was up to the court. But suddenly the government's position began to look very shaky as it asked for more time - denied by a judge - to compile its legal case amid questions over federal procedures. It also faced scrutiny over why Djokovic had been allowed to get on a plane in the first place. The whole thing could have ended when judge Anthony Kelly decided in Djokovic's favour - citing a bungle in the process at Melbourne Airport - and ordered the government to reinstate his visa and get him out of detention. But it didn't. The immigration minister, Alex Hawke, had the option to use his executive powers to cancel the visa and deport Djokovic and he did. A lot has been said about the motivation behind this - mainly that it's political. And it is. The blaring politics is impossible to escape. There are two things to consider here on the government's front. First, the deep embarrassment this has caused the Morrison administration. To Australians and indeed to the world, politicians look like they are enforcing rules they themselves don't understand or are unclear about. They also seemed to not talk to each other. One layer of government - the state of Victoria - was making decisions with Tennis Australia, in isolation. Federal officials were saying something entirely different. And the tournament organisers were complaining they'd been caught in between. The second has to do more with Covid and less with tennis. The mood in the country is one of shock and fury. Australia's two most populous states, New South Wales and Victoria, have been reporting tens of thousands of cases for weeks now. Testing clinics are still struggling and the number of deaths is also rising. Though it's not at the rate of, say, Europe or the US, this is Australia - a country that imposed some of the strictest Covid rules in the world. A country where, at times, a single case could push a whole city or state into lockdown. Australians feel abandoned. They feel like things have turned so bad, so quickly. Many also say they've done everything that's been asked of them.

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