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Metal-semiconductor junctions, electrical junctions in which a metal is linked to a semiconducting material, are crucial components for numerous electronic and optoelectronic devices. While they are now widely produced and used worldwide, creating good quality junctions that integrate conventional metals and 2D semiconductors can be difficult. In fact, when applied to 2D materials, conventional metal deposition techniques, which entail a process known as ion bombardment, can cause a chemical disorder. In addition, existing transfer printing techniques, which involve the pre-deposition and transfer of metal electrodes on the surface of 2D materials, have been found to perform poorly due to the creation of chemical bonds on the substrate for the pre-deposition that hinder the electrodes' transfer. Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan University, City University of Hong Kong and Fudan University have recently developed a new technique that could be used to transfer metal electrodes on 2D materials more effectively, enabling the development of more reliable metal-semiconductor junctions. This technique, introduced in a paper published in Nature Electronics, entails the delamination of metal electrode arrays from a graphene wafer, and their subsequent transfer printing onto different 2D materials. "For the first time, in 2013, we reported that continuous graphene monolayers can be grown via CVD directly on semiconducting Ge(001) surfaces, making a significant departure from conventional metallic systems," Zengfeng Di, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told TechXplore. "Because of the insulating property of intrinsic Ge at the temperature below 10K, we carried out the research on graphene-mediated superconductivity in the metal nano-islands/graphene hybrid on Ge substrate, without the transfer of graphene from Ge substrate to SiO2 substrate." While conducting their previous research, Di and his colleagues realized that when deposited on graphene, metals can be peeled off very easily. This was also true for titanium or nickel, which are typically very difficult to exfoliate from conventional silica substrate. In their recent study, the team used their technique to deposit six different kinds of metals onto a wafer-scale graphene/Ge donor substrate. This included both weakly adhering metals, namely copper, silver and gold, and strongly adhering metals, namely platinum, titanium and nickel. "Both weakly adhering metals and strongly adhering metals can be easily delaminated," Di explained. "Our scalable, universal, and wafer-scale metal transfer technique can be utilized to create van der Waals contacts between two-dimensional semiconductors and three-dimensional metals, which are essential for developing 2D electronic and optoelectronic devices." The researchers' approach for the integration of metal electrodes on 2D materials has several steps. First, it requires the deposition of a metal electrode array on a graphene/Ge substrate. As graphene is free from dangling bonds, the array can be easily peeled off from the substrate's surface using a polymer film. "After removing the polymer film by deionized water, wafer-scale 3D metal patterns can transfer onto an arbitrary target," Di said. "Compared with the previous transfer printing methods using silica substrate, we can transfer arbitrary metal with 100% yield and scale up the transfer technology to wafer size." The approach developed by Di and his colleagues is universal and could be used to form van der Waals contacts between various 2D semiconductors and 3D metals. In the future, it could be used to realize new types of van der Waals integrated circuits. "A prerequisite for practical batch production of 2D devices is the ability of reliable mass production," Di said. "With the graphene-assisted metal transfer-printing approach, we created MoS2 transistor arrays which show uniform electrical characteristics and good average values for the on/off current ratio, on-current, and subthreshold swing." Based on the initial tests they ran, Di and his colleagues think that their graphene-assisted metal transfer approach is a reliable solution for the large-scale manufacturing of integrated circuits based on 2D materials. In their next studies, they plan to start using their technique to develop specific components for electronic and optoelectronic devices, to evaluate its effectiveness further. "Beyond a simple 2D transistor, we are using this technique to fabricate basic 2D logical units, including AND-OR, NOR, and AND gate," Di added. "In addition, the cost of our approach should be further reduced by optimizing the process and increasing the reusability of graphene/Ge substrate." https://csblackdevil.com/forums/forum/828-software/?do=add

As Apple prepares for its iPhone 14 family to launch in the fourth quarter of this year, the latest report claims that Samsung will once again fulfill a massive percentage of OLED panel orders for one of its most lucrative clients. Less Than 50 Percent of Those OLED Panels Will Be for the Non-Pro iPhone 14 Models Apple earlier tapped the trio of Samsung, LG, and BOE to mass produce iPhone 14 displays. Unfortunately, BOE will not be a part of this team, according to ET News, due to design change issues, though it could have been the fact that Apple excluded the Chinese display manufacturer since it was previously caught cheating. While BOE was earlier reported to resume iPhone 13 OLED panel production, it is not included in fulfilling iPhone 14 orders according to the latest update. Industry sources claim that Samsung will ship Apple 80 million iPhone 14 OLED panel units, with 38.17 million displays belonging to the less expensive iPhone 14 and iPhone 14 Max (or iPhone 14 Plus). Both of these handsets are expected to be equipped with LTPS technology, not LTPO. LTPO will likely be reserved for the more premium iPhone 14 Pro and iPhone 14 Pro Max. This means that the cheaper iPhone 14 models will lose out on ProMotion technology, or in other words, high refresh rate displays and drivers. Samsung appears to be well prepared to complete its responsibility to Apple. Since last year, the South Korean supplier has been selecting material suppliers to provide parts necessary to manufacture iPhone 14 OLEDs. Duksan Neolux, Samsung SDI, and Solus Advanced Materials are those suppliers found under the M12 listing. Duksan Neolux is reportedly tasked with procuring Red Prime and Green Prime, which emit red and green colors, as the name suggests. This supplier will also provide HTL, which the report states is an auxiliary material. Samsung SDI will provide Green Host, while Solus Advanced Materials will supply A-ETL. An OLED panel compromises of various layers and materials that determine its maximum brightness and lifespan. Samsung requiring the materials mentioned above will ensure high-quality parts are used to assemble the iPhone 14. The report did not provide details on how many panel orders LG intends on fulfilling, but it should be a smaller number compared to Samsung. News Source: ET News. https://csblackdevil.com/forums/forum/18898-gadgets/?do=add

MSI has a new BETA BIOS out for its X570 motherboards that enable users to further tweak their AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D CPU. MSI's BETA X570 Motherboard BIOS Lets Users Tweak VCore, PBO, Curve Optimizer & More On Their AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D CPU It's been a while since AMD's Ryzen 7 5800X3D has been out in the market. Touted as the best CPU for gaming, the chip was the first to feature 3D V-Cache technology which comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. While the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, some of the few concerns are mostly in the tweaking department since this chip isn't said to be designed for any OC at all. But, some motherboard vendors did end up releasing BIOS that enabled partial overclocking and we have already seen some really impressive performance figures with undervolting by our very own readers. Now, as per MSI's forum member, Svet, it looks like a new BETA BIOS is out for the MEG X570 Unify motherboard which adds additional tweaking features for the Ryzen 7 5800X3D CPU. These include features such as additional VCore offset, Precision Boost Overdrive (PBO), and Curve Optimizer. With the new BETA BIOS, MSI's MEG X570 Unify users can take further advantage by tuning their AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D CPU. Some performance figures were also posted by the forum member, showing up to a 5% boost in multi-core performance which brings it close to its sibling, the AMD Ryzen 7 5800X. The 5800X features a higher clock speed than the 5800X3D since it was one of the tradeoffs to accommodate the 3D V-Cache within the same power and thermal package. For those who want to try out the BIOS, you can download the 'E7C35AMS.AD3' file here. We don't know if MSI plans to go public with this BETA BIOS but given that the manufacturer doesn't officially recommend modifying any settings for CPU overclocking for the AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, it is likely that they won't however a optimize BIOS with the same tier of features for those who want to overclock or fine-tune their chips might be available later on. AMD has already confirmed that they aren't done with AM4 so existing motherboard owners will still receive future BIOS updates which we will keep you updated about. News Source: KOMACHI_ENSAKA https://csblackdevil.com/forums/forum/827-hardware/?do=add

When your dreams come true, it's time to wake up. Nando, Rita and Doni are still growing, each of them in their own path, and now it's time to understand that their choices could put in risk everything they have already conquered, including their friendship. SUBSCRIBE: http://bit.ly/29qBUt7 About Netflix: Netflix is the world's leading streaming entertainment service with 222 million paid memberships in over 190 countries enjoying TV series, documentaries, feature films and mobile games across a wide variety of genres and languages. Members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on any internet-connected screen. Members can play, pause and resume watching, all without commercials or commitments. Sintonia Season 3 | Official Trailer | Netflix https://youtube.com/Netflix As Doni frets over the price of fame, Rita contemplates a new career and Nando reflects on his chosen path. The stakes are now higher than ever.

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