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The Land Rover Range Rover Sport might be the most significant British-made car of the 21st century. The full-sized Range Rover is the firm’s talisman, and the Discovery Sport its biggest seller by volume, but the Sport is where global volume and luxury car profit margin come together so crucially for Land Rover. This was the car that showed the untapped potential of Range Rover as a sub-brand when it came along in 2004, kick-starting the growth in Land Rover’s model catalogue that subsequently brought us the Range Rover Evoque and Range Rover Velar. It also first demonstrated how convincingly the SVR performance treatment could be deployed on a Land Rover model. And it’s the perfect modern Land Rover in as much as it has all the advantages: the lustre of the Range Rover brand delivered on a full-sized model, but at a more affordable price; the pick of the engines, and the advanced suspension and four-wheel drive technologies, from the Range Rover, Discovery and Defender lines; and the freedom to deploy them to suit a more dynamic on-road brief than any of them. To so many of its owners, the Range Rover Sport has simply become the defining and best Range Rover full stop. And now, the third-generation version shows us what it’s made of. The car has now stepped determinedly forwards into the electrified era. While the outgoing version already came as a plug-in hybrid, this one will be available in two different PHEV guises offering as much as 70 miles of electric range, and it will also be the first Range Sport to go fully electric in 2024. We have elected to test a near-entry-level mild-hybrid diesel to find out what kind of future this car is ready to provide. Range at a glance There are six engine variants of the Range Rover Sport for now, with a V8-powered SVR hot model expected next year and an all-electric version due in 2024. A four-tier derivative line-up starts with SE trim and progresses upwards through Dynamic SE, Autobiography and First Edition. Dynamic SE is likely to be a po[CENSORED]r trim level, and you can augment its equipment level with Land Rover’s Hot Climate, Technology and Premium Interior upgrade packages. https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-review/land-rover/range-rover-sport

North and South Korea have fired a number of missiles into waters near each other's coasts in a marked escalation of hostilities. The North launched its most missiles in a single day - at least 23 - including one that landed less than 60km (37 miles) off the South's city of Sokcho. Seoul responded with warplanes firing three air-to-ground missiles over the disputed maritime demarcation line. Later Pyongyang fired six more missiles and a barrage of 100 artillery shells. The North says the launches are in response to large-scale military exercises current being held by South Korea and the United States, which it calls "aggressive and provocative". On Tuesday, Pyongyang warned they would pay "the most horrible price in history" if they continued their joint military drills, seen as a veiled threat to use nuclear weapons. The North has tested a record number of missiles this year as tensions have risen. Why is Kim Jong-un upping the pressure? Wednesday's exchanges began with missile launches by Pyongyang into waters close to South Korea, triggering air raid sirens on Ulleung, an island controlled by Seoul. Residents there were told to evacuate to underground shelters. One ballistic missile crossed the Northern Limit Line (NLL), a disputed maritime border between the Koreas. It landed outside South Korea's territorial waters but it is the closest a North Korean missile has come. Officials in the South said the air-to-ground missiles fired by its military landed a similar distance past the NLL off the North's coast. The tit-for-tat launches come as attention is focused on South Korea during a period of national mourning, following the crowd crush in Seoul at the weekend which killed more than 150 people. Wargaming a North Korean attack South Korean military officials at first said the missile the North had fired over the NLL was one of at least 10 launched in both east and west directions on Wednesday morning. They later updated the North's tally for the day to 23 launches - seven short-range ballistic missiles and 16 other missiles, including six surface-to-air ones. The missile that came nearest South Korea was launched before 09:00 (00:00 GMT) and landed about 26km south of the de facto border, 57km east of the coastal town of Sokcho and 167km north-west of Ulleung island. The launch was picked up immediately by South Korean and Japanese authorities, who swiftly condemned the escalation from Pyongyang. South Korea's military said it was the first time since the division of the Korean peninsula following the 1950-53 Korean War that a ballistic missile had "landed south of the NLL near our territorial sea". President Yoon Suk-yeol - who has made it his policy to take a tough line on North Korea - labelled it an "effective territorial invasion", although the missile landed outside South Korean territorial waters, vowing a "swift and firm response". Under international law, countries can only establish territorial claim to 12 nautical miles of sea off their coastline. Tensions have been rising this year - the peninsula has already witnessed more than 50 missile launches from North Korea in 2022, including one ballistic missile that passed over Japan. On Monday, a US nuclear-powered submarine arrived off the coast of South Korea to take part in the latest in a series of joint US-South Korean drills, which began in August. Dubbed "Vigilant Storm", they are the largest exercises Seoul and Washington have ever held, involving hundreds of military aircraft from both sides. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-63481183

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The president of Colombia, Gustavo Petro, travels this November 1 to Venezuela. The meeting has generated much expectation since it is the first time that a Colombian president has visited Venezuelan territory since 2016, when Juan Manuel Santos visited Puerto Ordaz. (You may be interested in: The key points of the meeting of presidents Petro and Maduro in Caracas) From Caracas, EL TIEMPO accessed the unofficial agenda detailing Petro's activities at the Miraflores Palace, where he will meet with Nicolás Maduro on Tuesday afternoon. The arrival of the Colombian president is scheduled for noon. (See also: Why Nicolás Maduro does not travel to Colombia to meet Gustavo Petro?) The agenda will be as follows: - Gustavo Petro will arrive at the Puerta Dorada area of the Miraflores Palace. There he will be received by Nicolás Maduro. - Then there will be some honors by the Parada Group. - Then there will be a presentation by the delegations of both countries. - Subsequently, a private meeting between Petro and Maduro is planned, and a lunch between the two. - Then, both leaders will give a public meeting in which announcements are expected. - After these activities, the meeting at the Miraflores Palace will end. What issues will the leaders deal with? Now, "the bilateral relationship between the two countries, the reopening of borders and the re-entry of Venezuela to the Inter-American Human Rights System" will be topics on the agenda at a lunch between the rulers, according to a statement released by the Colombian presidency on Monday. Another issue, without a doubt, will be bilateral trade between the two nations. One of the first big decisions in the Caracas-Bogotá rapprochement was the reopening of the 2,200-kilometer binational border for the transport of goods, last September, with restricted passage since 2015 and completely blocked since 2019. Along the way, the commercial exchange between Venezuela and Colombia, which reached 7.2 billion dollars a year 14 years ago, plummeted to 400 million in 2021. The Colombian-Venezuelan Chamber of Integration (Cavecol) estimates that the resumption of border traffic could help bring it to 1.2 billion this year. However, Petro himself has been disappointed by the low commercial flow and considers that the exchange continues to be done through illegal steps, known as trails. https://www.eltiempo.com/mundo/venezuela/gustavo-petro-se-reune-con-nicolas-maduro-agenda-de-la-reunion-714235

The totoaba swim bladder is valued on the Asian market at more than $8,000. It is the most expensive fish in the world and lives only in Mexico The Gulf of California, or Sea of Cortez, is home to diverse marine life. The totoaba is one of the endemic species of this area of the Mexican Pacific. Fishing for this species was key to the development of human settlements near the waters of the mentioned ocean. However, the fish in question was discovered by Chinese immigrants in the 1920s. According to the Naturalista database, the totoaba is the most expensive fish in the world. This is due to the swim bladder, or "buche", that it has. This organ is valued, on the Chinese black market, at up to more than 8 thousand USD. Po[CENSORED]r belief indicates that this part of the fish has healing properties. The situation described has meant that, for several years, the illegal fishing of totoaba has increased disproportionately, leading it to the danger of extinction. The problem, in fact, extends to other species, since in the nets, destined to capture the totoaba, other animals tend to get trapped. This is what we know about it. It may interest you: This is the vaquita marina, the Mexican porpoise that fights for its survival in the Sea of Cortez Totoaba, the huge and valuable fish of the Gulf of California The totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) is a fish endemic to the Gulf of California, Mexico. It belongs to the Sciaenidae family. Other po[CENSORED]r names to refer to this animal are corvina, corvina blanca, tambor and roncador. The last two allude to the sound that the fish produces precisely because of its swim bladder. According to the Federal Attorney for Environmental Protection (PROFEPA), the totoaba can reach 2 meters in length and 100 kilograms. It is, then, a large fish with a protruding lower jaw. Its diet places the species as carnivorous, since it is based on crabs, shrimp, sardines and other small fish. Naturalista mentions that, originally, the distribution of the totoaba covered from the mouth of the Colorado River to Bahía Concepción on the west coast of the Gulf. However, the space of this fish has been reduced over the decades. Currently, it is estimated that it can only be found in the Upper Gulf of California. This fish is quite long-lived, since it can live from 25 to 50 years. That said, the sexual maturity of their species is reached between 6 and 7. Once they reach reproductive age, it is common for females to head to the Colorado River Delta to lay their eggs throughout the months of March. and May. Illegal fishing and its consequences on other species As I said, initially, totoaba fishing was important for the development of Mexican communities in the states of Sonora and Baja California. However, over time the idea spread that the swim bladder was capable of serving in the treatment of various diseases. This caused Asian vessels to begin illegal fishing for the species. For traditional Chinese medicine, the totoaba swim bladder has healing and aphrodisiac properties. Despite this, it has not been proven, by any scientific study, that these qualities actually have the promised effects. As if that were not enough, the same part of the fish is valued as a gourmet food in different countries of the Asian continent. And, even more, there are those who collect the bladder and make significant investments with it. It may interest you: 10 endemic species of Mexico All this illegal exploitation has pushed the totoaba to be vulnerable to the danger of extinction, as indicated by the red list of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN, for its acronym in English). The problem, as was said at the beginning, does not rest on this species, since it has been seen that other animals are trapped in the nets made for the exclusive capture of this fish. The most alarming case is that of the vaquita marina, a cetacean endemic to Mexico in serious danger of disappearing. Efforts to protect the totoaba and, consequently, the vaquita marina have been underway for several decades now. From 1940 to 1955 there was a closed season declaration to protect its reproduction. During the 1970s, different refuge zones were established and in the 1990s the use of mesh was prohibited in these areas. To date, work continues to save these species, but the danger of extinction remains latent. https://www.ngenespanol.com/animales/totoaba-donde-vive-y-por-que-es-el-pez-mas-caro-del-mundo/

Ferrari is preparing a hardcore version of the Ferrari SF90 with uprated performance and a modified exterior design to vastly improve aerodynamics. A prototype of the high-powered car was spotted testing in Italy, wearing fabric at the front and a black-and-white textured livery at the rear, obscuring the key changes to the model’s bodywork. What we can see is an adapted front bumper, while an upgraded spoiler has been added to the rear. The model’s side skirts have also been updated, in order to enhance aerodynamics. There are likely to be additional changes beneath the fabric that Ferrari is keen to hide until closer to the model’s launch. The exterior is otherwise largely unchanged from that of the current car, while the interior at this stage remains a mystery. Performance details are also unknown but we would expect a significant power boost to what is already Ferrari’s fastest and most powerful road car yet. Any changes to the Ferrari’s plug-in hybrid powertrain would be likely to push the combined power output past that of the current Ferrari SF90 Stradale and open-topped Ferrari SF90 Spider and beyond the 1000bhp mark. Both versions are driven by a 769bhp twin-turbocharged V8 engine mated to a 7.9kWh battery and three electric motors, combining to produce an eye-watering 986bhp. Currently, the Aston Martin Valkyrie rival can complete 0-62mph in 2.5sec and top out at 211mph. https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/hardcore-ferrari-sf90-variant-hints-boosted-aerodynamics

The first call to police from Itaewon came at 18:34 local time - several hours before the deadly crush took place. The caller to South Korea's 112 emergency number said they were on the main street to Itaewon and an alley next to the Hamilton hotel was becoming dangerously crowded. "That alley is really dangerous right now people going up and down, so people can't come down, but people keep coming up, it's gonna be crushed. I barely made it to get out but it's too crowded. I think you should control it," the caller said. The police officer asked if the caller meant that people weren't flowing well, that "they get crushed and fall, and then there's going to be a big accident?" Yes, the caller responded - "this is so chilling right now". In pictures: The lost belongings of the Seoul crush That was the first of at least 10 calls to police in the capital Seoul over the next three hours on Saturday. But that night, local residents say, the police presence was wholly inadequate. Mounting evidence, experts and a series of official apologies point to glaring failures. Local officials and police were simply not prepared for the crowds that had gathered, and struggled to manage them once they were there. Earlier on Tuesday South Korea's police chief said their emergency response was "inadequate" - the first acknowledgement from officials that they did not do enough to prevent it. By some estimates, hundreds of thousands of people had descended on Itaewon - po[CENSORED]r for its nightlife - to celebrate Halloween. It was a startling number even for the usually busy neighbourhood. Jeong An-sook lives two blocks behind the main street in Itaewon, about 300 metres from where the crush happened. She tried to go out between 21:00 and 22:00 local time, but said the crowd in her street was so dense she could not move. Frightened, she retreated to her home. A restaurant owner who returned home at 22:00 local time said he could not even exit from Itaewon station because it was so crowded. So he went to a different station and circled back home. Another woman, a money changer who was selling flowers for people to lay down at the makeshift shrine to the victims, said she saw few police officers - attempts to organise the crowd were being made earlier in the evening by local volunteers, she said, not the police. She also said that the local business association had requested help from the police last week in dealing with the crowds at the weekend, but did not get it. We now know that there were two meetings held by the local council, Yongsan-gu. The first was with the local police, the local subway station chief and the association of local businesses on 26 October. There was a second meeting the following day, just among council staff members, to discuss how to handle the Halloween festivities at the weekend. According to the Yongsan district website, they discussed Covid quarantine measures, inspection of food vendors, safety at big venues and subway stations, rubbish collection and illegal parking. The district mayor, Park Hee-young, said on 27 October: "This is the first Halloween in three years without social distancing. We will do everything we can to ensure the safety of residents as we are concerned about the renewed spread of Covid-19, drug incidents and other accidents." There is no evidence that anyone raised or discussed possible crowd control problems in either meeting. Local businesses told the BBC there had been a Global Village festival earlier in October, showcasing Itaewon's cosmopolitan character. That was organised by the council, and there was a prepared crowd control plan. But after the accident Mayor Park told local media that the Yongsan council had done everything it could, but the fact that the Halloween celebrations had no single organiser made it different from other events. She has since apologised to the victims and their families. Even as the blame game among officials continues, the fact remains that no-one stopped hundreds of people, mostly in their teens or 20s, from converging in the sloped alley that night. Once that happened, experts say, what came next was nearly impossible to prevent. The narrowness trapped them, and the slope meant that when some fell, it triggered a domino effect on others. People were also moving in several directions at once, jostling and trying to escape the crush. Police are investigating claims that some members of the crowd triggered the crush by yelling out "push, push", but experts say that was expected with what they call an "abnormal crowd". Any more than five people per square metre is considered potentially dangerous - and there were at least 10 people per square metre in that alley, according to Baek Seung-joo, a fire safety professor at Open Cyber University. He says he made the estimate based on images and footage. "Instinctively, in such a situation, people don't help each other, they compete and don't follow orders… You can't blame the young people who pushed others when they were under extreme pressure," he said. "The authorities are responsible for failing to control the crowd in advance." Five friends went to Itaewon; only two came home Tributes paid to South Korea Halloween crush dead How the Seoul Halloween tragedy unfolded Officials and experts now believe one reason why so many people thronged that particular alley was its proximity to the Itaewon subway station, a spot with high foot traffic. Kwon Seolah, chief of the Center for Disaster Safety Innovation at Chungbuk University, suggests that officials could have ensured subway trains bypassed Itaewon station, or blocked off vehicles from entering the district to make more space for pedestrians. But officials blame one another for that failure. The national police say they asked the Seoul City Metro to prevent trains from stopping at Itaewon station on Saturday to limit the crowds. The Metro has denied this, saying it only received an official request one hour after the deadly crush had happened. The Yongsan police have also said that local businesses asked them not to control the crowds at the weekend to avoid reducing their customers; the local business association has denied this. But it seems clear that the police did not undertake even the simplest of crowd control measures found in other places. Yet the seriousness of the situation was apparent in that first call to police hours before deaths were reported. "No one is controlling it right now," the caller said. "The police has to control this. You should let people out first and then let people in. People keep pouring in but they can't get out." https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-63467204

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re-negotiate with alias Iván Márquez. That was the door that the Congress of the Republic opened this week when it approved the extension and modification of Law 418, the main legal framework to achieve "total peace" proposed by President Gustavo Petro. (Read: What is missing for the total peace law to be sanctioned by Petro?) Law 418 is essential for the Government as it gives it the power to carry out negotiations with illegal groups of political origin, as well as to approach other criminal structures for their submission. Although said law has not yet been sanctioned, and conciliation is lacking, both in the Senate and in the House of Representatives they denied several proposals that sought to close the door to deserters of peace, those who betrayed the Havana agreements and returned to arms. . But the debate focused on 'Iván Márquez' and the 'Second Marquetalia'. The same Humberto de la Calle, who sat for years with 'Márquez' to demobilize the extinct FARC and is now a senator, insisted that the only way with the deserter is the rapprochement for his submission. And he argued that it was a wrong message for the signatories who have complied and for the dialogues with the ELN, which are about to begin. (Also: Gustavo Petro would listen to Salvatore Mancuso's proposal to be peace manager) “Giving the privilege to the one who betrayed the agreement, to his group and to himself, a second chance, it seems to me that it is not convenient. It gives a wrong message to Colombian society and contradicts clear constitutional norms," said the senator, for whom "opening the door to renegotiate with deserters like 'Iván Márquez' is promoting the culture of repechage." In the Senate there was an atmosphere to support De la Calle, but the Minister of the Interior, Alfonso Prada, and Roy Barreras, president of Congress, moved their chips and the former chief negotiator was defeated, so the door was opened to a negotiation with that criminal group. For the government, not talking to the deserters would imply continuing the war. Congress has already closed that debate, for now, but the discussion moved to public opinion and the main question is whether 'Márquez' can be trusted again, who should even have been in the Legislative if he had not committed a crime again, more beyond whether there was entrapment for him and 'Jesús Santrich', as indicated by Vice President Francia Márquez herself in an interview today with EL TIEMPO. But we will have to wait to see how the rapprochements progress, which have already begun under the leadership of the High Commissioner for Peace, Danilo Rueda, to find out what status will be given to the 'Second Marquetalia' and what kind of benefits its members could receive so that they can rejoin to society. pragmatism and peace The former Presidential Adviser for Defense and Security and Master in Defense and National Security, Armando Borrero, calls for a prior process of examining the conduct of these groups. "One no longer knows if those of the 'Second Marquetalia' are really a political organization. I have doubts that they have political purposes. I think they have only become traffickers”, he analyzes. On the specific issue of 'Iván Márquez', Borrero considers that his problem is that he was already covered by the conditions of the Havana agreement and then abandoned them. On this issue, the former minister agrees with De la Calle that there should be no "repechage." But, he says, if you are going to negotiate with him, it should be on a new plane with different conditions from the previous ones. "The State can negotiate with criminals, although it is not supposed to do so, but it can make contacts if the idea is that they submit to justice," he remarks. Starting from the basis that the peace processes carried out in the country in the last 50 years have not resolved the problem of the armed conflict, the political analyst Víctor de Currea-Lugo considers that it is necessary to understand 'total peace' “not only as a negotiation with the main guerrillas –a mistake that was made by prioritizing only the FARC–, but with all the armed expressions that have power, territorial control and a command with which to negotiate”. But establishing agreements with these factions may present greater difficulties than those faced in previous peace processes. In the specific case of dissidence, for example, its members "are usually the most doctrinaire and ideological," explains Alejandro Bohórquez-Keeney, a political expert and professor at the Externado University. These characteristics make them more reluctant and difficult to negotiate, according to Bohórquez-Keeney. For the professor, it is clear that the meaning of a negotiation is to do it with the counterpart, but he does not see easy ways to convince them to give up areas that they have controlled for years in economic and military terms. https://www.eltiempo.com/politica/gobierno/paz-total-los-retos-de-negociar-con-los-desertores-del-acuerdo-de-paz-713659

Cali, the third most populous city in Colombia, is also one of the places with the most diversity of birds in the world. So you can visit it. The last thing I see is a dense forest invaded by mist. Seconds later, someone covers my eyes from behind. In the bewilderment of the darkness, a hand rests on my shoulder and tells me where to walk in the middle of the cold of the mountain; I only hear the wind through the trees and the leaves that break with each step we take. Again and again, I stumble over the roots that rise from the ground until I find a metal line that I use as a support and guide to the interior of a wooden shelter, where I am asked to take a seat next to other people who remain silent. Inside the Valle de Cauca Those around me are not part of a drug cartel or criminal group, but members of the Cali River Association, a non-profit organization that promotes the natural conservation of the basins of Valle del Cauca, in the southwest of the country, and that today it promotes the Birdwatching Route for People with Visual Disabilities in the San Antonio Fog Forest Area of Importance for the Conservation of Birds, a forest haven just 20 minutes from the departmental capital: Cali, Colombia. As the second most biodiverse country on the planet, Colombia is home to the largest number of birds in the world with 1,954 registered species. 30% is found in the freshness of the Western Cordillera, one of the three slopes into which the Colombian Andes are divided. Here, at kilometer 18 of the road that leads to the sea, is the mecca of ornithology. Still ovijendados, they invite us to pay attention to the sounds of nature, songs that reveal the vast plurality of the avifauna of the region. A chirping there, a chirping there; then a squawk, a shriek, a distant howl. Soon there are countless sounds that are discovered and it is inevitable to remove the bandage from our eyes to try to transform those melodies into plumage and colors. In a matter of seconds, one bird after another perches on the feeders installed as a camouflage throughout the 22 hectares of San Felipe Birding, where Clara Cabarcas and Carlos Calle created their inclusive bird tourism company based on strategies such as reforestation, placement of nests artificial and forest maintenance. Here alone, between 140 and 160 species have been recorded, which can even be identified by ear thanks to the sound guide produced by the NGO and available through QR codes at sighting points. We suggest: This is how the Andean condor lives, the iconic South American bird that is in danger of extinction The first thing revealed was a rainbow of feathers made up of tanagers, small neotropical birds of colors as diverse as their species. Among them, the crowned one and its yellow heads, the turquoise shades of the naquirrufa, the burning scarlet of the flaming one, the capirotada with its electric greens, the saffron of the sea bream. This was followed by larger feathered ones like the common tile, with its elegant and pale indigo; a green honeycreeper and its shimmering emerald iridescence, and the swift blue-white of a collared hummingbird. However, it was an iridescent red-tailed toucan who was in charge of closing the winged spectacle before returning to Clara and Carlos's home in the hacienda, an eclectic space designed by the Colombian national architecture award winner Jaime Vélez between the forest and its symphonies. A traditional and excellent red (black coffee) could not be missing on the porch, while the couple shared their passion for collecting and photography. But this is not the only bird-tourism undertaking in the region. The members of Río Cali invite us to the nearby La Florida farm, better known as the Bosque de las Aves, where they also work to maintain camouflaged observation posts that serve as a showcase for other polychrome specimens such as the red-headed bull. WITH CAMERA IN HAND AND ANOTHER TINTICO ON ORDER (NOW WITH A REFRESHING TOUCH OF LEMON PEEL), WE DISCOVER THAT LIFE DOESN'T ONLY DEVELOP AMONG THE BRANCHES WHEN A SIMPLE BUT ENORMOUS GORGIBLANCA-PARTRIDGE DOVE PASSES WALKING AT GROUND LEVEL, A FEW METERS FROM OUR DEN; MINUTES LATER, A GUATIN LOOKS OUT STEALTH TO GNAW SOME ROOTS AND COLLECT SEEDS. The function continues to look tirelessly and, from time to time, enjoy the peace of the mountains until it is time to leave. But just before getting in the car, as if that hadn't been enough of a sighting, a chicken hawk betrays itself by watching over a bromeliad that sprouts from the top of a light pole. Without a doubt, this is the paradise of birds. https://www.ngenespanol.com/animales/como-es-vivir-en-cali-colombia/

Ferrari has unveiled its all-new 499P Le Mans Hypercar with which it will bid for overall victory at the Le Mans 24 Hours next season, for the first time in exactly 50 years. The world’s most famous sports car maker gave the historic new model its world debut at Ferrari’s Finali Mondiali extravaganza at Imola, revealing a prototype that features a clear nod to its endurance racing past as well as a styling connection to its current road cars. Two 499Ps will be entered by the factory Ferrari AF Corse team in the 2023 World Endurance Championship, which incorporates Le Mans. The model will make its racing debut at the 1000 Miles of Sebring in Florida on March 17. The name follows Ferrari tradition from past Le Mans contenders, 499 referring to the displacement of its V6 twin-turbocharged engine, with P standing for Prototype – an echo of its last factory endurance racer, the 312P of 1973. The yellow stripe incorporated in the livery is also a nod to the iconic sports racer. Ferrari has built the car to LMH regulations rather than the parallel LMDh rulebook chosen by the likes of Porsche to ensure the 499P is a true in-house Ferrari. The more economically-friendly and simple LMDh formula relies on a spec hybrid system supplied by Williams Advanced Engineering and Bosch, with an Xtrac gearbox, whereas the battery technology in Ferrari’s bespoke 900v, 200kW Energy Recovery System (ERS) connected to the front axle has been developed from the experience learned within the company’s Formula 1 team. Balance of Performance will be used to limit overall power to 500kW (670bhp) across both codes of Hypercar. “We chose LMH because it is important for Ferrari to make all the car and all the parts,” said endurance racing chief Antonello Coletta. “Ferrari is a constructor, the manufacturer of the car and for us it is not our philosophy to buy a part. We decided to come back into prototypes when the rules gave us the chance to make all the car. This car is a manifesto of the technologies of Ferrari.” The six-cylinder engine, a load-bearing element in the 499P, is based on the architecture of the unit in the 296 GT3, which was also on show at Imola as the racing evolution of the 296 GTB road car. “Of course, each part is developed and it is completely different to the engine of the street car,” said Coletta. “But this is the base of our philosophy: all the experience of our six cylinder road cars has been the base of this engine. “This is important for us. We have come back into prototypes, into the maximum category, but we have not forgotten that it is a laboratory for the street cars. This link is very important for us.” A brake-by-wire braking system has been developed to allow the recovery of kinetic energy from the front axle to the ERS. Power will be fed through a seven-speed sequential gearbox. Ferrari’s return to the premier division of sports car racing coincides with a boom in manufacturer interest at Le Mans and in the endurance scene. In 2023 the Prancing Horse will face the well-established Toyota Gazoo Racing squad, which has won the previous five Le Mans, the radical Peugeot 9X8 which has already taken its bow in the WEC this season, plus new LMDh challengers from Porsche and Cadillac. The American-owned Glickenhaus team might also return with its 007 LMH contender, although its continued participation in the WEC has yet to be confirmed. Meanwhile, more LMDh contenders from the likes of Alpine, BMW and Lamborghini are on their way to Le Mans for 2024. John Elkann, Ferrari’s executive chairman, said: “The 499P sees us return to compete for outright victory in the WEC series. When we decided to commit to this project, we embarked on a path of innovation and development, faithful to our tradition that sees the track as the ideal terrain to push the boundaries of cutting-edge technological solutions, solutions that in time will be transferred to our road cars. We enter this challenge with humility, but conscious of a history that has taken us to over 20 world endurance titles and nine overall victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.” Coletta played down expectations of a 10th Le Mans win for Ferrari first time out in 2023, while admitting the team had to be targeting ultimate success for what will be the 100th anniversary edition of the French classic. “We are ambitious of course, but we are also humble to know our competitors are more experienced than us with these cars,” he said. “We have less time than our competitors because we started testing in July 2022. The time for testing is not a lot, but we go ahead very fast and we hope to be ready for Sebring which is a special circuit and is not easy. https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/motorsport-le-mans-and-sportscars/ferrari-499p-670bhp-racer-built-attack-le-mans