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Scientists put in a lot of work into thinking about how images taken by the James Webb Space Telescope will show light that the human eye cannot see. They also put colors in the images so more information can be extracted. A committee was created to come up with a long list of targets to take the best images, according to Klaus Pontoppidan, a Webb project scientist. Targets have to be selected because Webb can't see the whole sky at any given time to "avoid the mirror seeing direct sunlight" so it stays cold. It takes a trained eye to take the exquisite data and pull out the beauty and the science potential. "We're basically translating light that we can't see into light that we can see by applying color, like red, green and blue to different filters that we have from Webb," said Joe DePasquale, a senior science visuals developer. "The reason we want to color the images is that there's actually more information that you can get if you see it in color." "So it's a matter of picking and choosing colors that enhance the details and the structure in the image itself," said Alyssa Pagan, science visual developer. Located 7,600 light-years away, the Carina Nebula is a stellar nursery, where stars are born. It is one of the largest and brightest nebulae in the sky and home to many stars much more massive than our sun. The “Cosmic Cliffs” are seen in the stunning new image that reveals previously hidden baby stars, which provides "a rare peek into stars in their earliest, rapid stages of formation," according to NASA. The space telescope's view of Stephan's Quintet reveals the way galaxies interact with one another and how their interactions might shape galactic evolution. This compact galaxy group, first discovered in 1787, is located 290 million light-years away in the constellation Pegasus. Four of the five galaxies in the group "are locked in a cosmic dance of repeated close encounters," according to a NASA statement. Mark McCaughrean, the senior adviser for science and exploration at the European Space Agency, said the image shows the view from our own Milky Way to far-away galaxies — even showing the creation of new stars. When the near-infared view is stripped away from the image, mostly gas and dust is seen. But it revealed an active black hole, according to ESA astronomer Giovanna Giardino. “We cannot see the black hole itself, but we see the material swirling around being swallowed,” Giardino said. Gas gets heated to extremely high temperatures as it folds and becomes very bright, “40 billion times the luminosity of our sun’s,” she explained. The Southern Ring Nebula, also called the "Eight-Burst," is 2,000 light-years away from Earth. This large planetary nebula includes an expanding cloud of gas around a dying star. "The new details from Webb will transform our understanding of how stars evolve and influence their environments," according to NASA. NASA is expected to release two more photos from the Webb telescope today. Webb's study of the giant gas planet WASP-96b is the most detailed spectrum of an exoplanet to date. The spectrum includes different wavelengths of light that can reveal new information about the planet. Discovered in 2014, WASP-96b is located 1,150 light-years from Earth. It has half the mass of Jupiter and completes an orbit around its star every 3.4 days. Webb's spectrum includes "the distinct signature of water, along with evidence for clouds and haze, in the atmosphere surrounding a hot, puffy gas giant planet orbiting a distant Sun-like star," according to NASA. The spectrum looks like “a bunch of bumps and wiggles,” which Knicole Colon, a NASA astrophysicist, said are “full of information.” “You’re actually seeing bumps and wiggles that indicate the presence of water vapor in the atmosphere of this exoplanet,” she explained. NASA on Monday released the first image from the James Webb Space Telescope. NASA called the image "the deepest & sharpest infrared image of the early universe ever taken." The image depicts a massive group of galaxy clusters that act as a magnifying glass for the objects behind them. Called gravitational lensing, this will create Webb's first deep field view of incredibly old and distant, faint galaxies. The rest of the images will be released today. The series of pictures as a whole is likely to include a new look at five cosmic targets. Could there be life in space? Scientists hope the James Webb Space Telescope will help them get closer to the answer. Astronomers have yet to find a solar system quite like ours. And of the thousands of known exoplanets, none quite match up with the planets in our cosmic backyard. But scientists have only just begun to scratch the surface of these planets outside the solar system. The next step is looking inside of them. Webb will peer into the very atmospheres of exoplanets, some of which are potentially habitable. Since the first exoplanets were discovered in the 1990s, many have wondered if we might find another Earth out there, a place called Planet B. So far, the study of these bodies hasn't revealed another Earth, and it's unlikely that even with technology like the Webb, there won't be "a true Earth analog" out there, said Klaus Pontoppidan, Webb project scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. Signs of life: The Webb telescope will look inside the atmospheres of exoplanets orbiting much smaller stars than our sun. These planets are connected with an intriguing idea: What if life happens differently outside of Earth? And it's something that the successors of this telescope could investigate in the decades to come. In fact, the task of identifying signs of life on other planets is already slated for future telescopes, like the one outlined in the recently released Astro2020 decadal survey that will look at 25 potentially habitable exoplanets. Life, as we understand it, needs energy, liquid and the right temperature, she said. What happens when a potential sign of life is detected? Finding the sign is fantastic — and figuring out the next step is crucial, said Sara Seager, an astrophysicist, planetary scientist and professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. If it's determined that there was no other way a potential sign of life could be created, collaboration will be a key aspect, Lewis said. Engaging with chemists, biologists and people of different disciplines outside of astronomy and planetary science can determine the path forward. "My hope is that we'll be careful, and that we will engage with all of the relevant experts to try to understand if this is in fact, a signature that could only mean that life is on this planet, and then hopefully announced such a thing to the public," Lewis said. Jill Tarter, astronomer and former director of the Center for SETI Research, believes that the answer to finding life may rely on technosignatures, rather than biosignatures, because the evidence of past or present technology is "potentially a lot less ambiguous." Biosignatures could be gases or molecules that show signs of life. Technosignatures are signals that could be created by intelligent life. https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/james-webb-telescope-images-released/index.html

London (CNN)Conservative members of the British Parliament woke up on Friday morning with one hell of a hangover. Following a week of chaos and misery, as Prime Minister Boris Johnson refused to leave Downing Street despite it being abundantly clear to virtually everyone else that the jig was up, they can now begin the search for a new leader after Johnson finally resigned (sort of) on Thursday. A quick recap of the last week of political tumult and scandal in London: Johnson's deputy chief whip, Chris Pincher, resigned his post last Thursday, after it emerged that two men complained that he had groped them while drunk at a private event. Johnson's response was far from ideal in the eyes of most Conservative MPs. It came after months of disquiet at his handling of numerous other scandals, including Partygate, which saw Johnson become the first sitting Prime Minister to be found guilty of breaking the law while in office. To try to understand where the heads of Conservative members are, CNN spoke with multiple officials and lawmakers from all over the party. They all spoke on the condition of anonymity, so that they could be as honest as possible at a very turbulent time when individual jobs are at stake. For the vast majority of Conservatives who spoke to CNN, this is a moment of great relief. "It would have been a lot better if he'd gone 24 hours earlier, when members of his own government were telling him it was time," says one former cabinet minister. "But I am optimistic that a new leader can sweep all of that away. It just needs to happen quickly." A Conservative official told CNN that "Johnson was the problem. Now he's going, we can get back to looking like sensible Conservatives rather than what he'd turned the party into." The official reiterated that the process must happen as quickly as possible. The official also pointed out that Johnson's version of the party was necessary in 2019 to resolve the Brexit crisis and win an election, but that his particular brand of populism wouldn't work without the po[CENSORED]rity. The reason for this sense of urgency is that, with Johnson now caretaker PM, the party is acutely aware that having a man in Downing Street whom they all said needed to go just days ago, and whose public approval ratings are absolutely dire, is not a great look. Fears that he will try to hang on appear to be somewhat overstated. While some MPs were furious that Johnson's speech didn't mention the word "resign" and effectively blamed them for his ousting, rather than taking personal responsibility, no one who spoke to CNN seriously believes he is going to become a permanent squatter in Number 10. Not least because the party's MPs now have the authority to get rid of him through its own internal rules -- a level of authority they didn't have until this week. Not everyone is so optimistic, however, that the damage done to the party by Johnson can be so easily swept away. "The final 48 hours before he finally accepted it was over will confirm to people who, incorrectly, suspect that Conservatives are selfish people who put themselves before the national interest," says a party adviser. "That is going to be hard to battle against when we've been in power for so long and people are naturally already turning away from us." The image of the Conservative Party after three years of Johnson and 12 years in power is not the only problem his successor must grapple with. With so many competing factions, party unity is a major issue, exacerbated by Brexit, the current cost-of-living crisis, culture wars and questions of personal liberty in the light of Covid restrictions. The hardline, traditional Conservatives in the party are feeling particularly burnt by Johnson. "He was the closest thing to someone who they felt ideologically aligned with they will probably ever see in charge of the party," says a government official. "They are now going to have to stomach someone who will inevitably be a lot softer." The softer, liberal Conservatives, who always found Johnson distasteful, are equally concerned that any new leader must be squeaky clean and as far from Johnson as is possible. Finally, the Johnson loyalists are seething at his treatment. In the eyes of one long-standing supporter, Johnson was "a giant" who was "cut down" by smaller, jealous figures. "I honestly think it was a stitch-up and now we have to find someone who simply doesn't exist: someone with his electoral appeal," the ally adds.That said, most Conservatives seem optimistic they can move beyond this ugly business. "The party ultimately only cares about one thing: staying in power and keeping their jobs," says a former government official. "Johnson was that figure in 2019. Someone will emerge who they think, whether they like them or not, can win the next election. They will pretty much stomach anything if they think their jobs are safe," the former official adds. Taking over from Johnson is undeniably a daunting task. There is a huge range of people currently eying up the job, and they come from all across the party's broad ideological base. In the 12 years since taking power, the party has already seen a version of Conservatism that represents every point on that ideological base. The real challenge for whoever becomes the next Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is whether or not they can find something that can convince the public that, after all this time in power, this centuries-old party still has something new to offer. https://edition.cnn.com/2022/07/08/uk/what-next-after-boris-johnson-analysis-intl-gbr-cmd/index.html

London (CNN)UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced his resignation as Conservative Party leader Thursday, bringing his scandal-plagued tenure to an end after less than three years. Johnson was left with little choice but to step down after several high-profile members of his cabinet resigned in protest this week over his handling of misconduct allegations related to government officials. Dozens more members of his government have also quit. Johnson was ultimately undone by his response to fallout from the resignation last Thursday of deputy chief whip Chris Pincher, amid allegations Pincher had groped two guests at a private dinner the night before. While he did not admit the allegations directly, Pincher said in a letter to Johnson last week that "last night I drank far too much" and "embarrassed myself and other people." Other historical allegations of misconduct by Pincher emerged in the ensuing days. Johnson initially denied being aware of some of those allegations, but ultimately the Prime Minister was forced to admit he had been briefed years before and apologize for his decision-making. It was the final straw for many political allies who had supported Johnson through crisis after crisis over the years. In recent months the Prime Minister had been facing a barrage of criticism from all sides over his conduct and that of his government, including illegal, lockdown-breaking parties thrown in his Downing Street offices, for which he and others were fined. Johnson faced numerous other scandals that hit his standing in the polls -- despite his 80-seat landslide general election victory just two and a half years ago. These include accusations of using donor money inappropriately to pay for a refurbishment of his Downing Street home and whipping lawmakers to protect a colleague who had breached lobbying rules. Two weeks ago, the Conservatives lost two key by-elections -- results that were blamed on Johnson personally. In early June, he survived a confidence vote, but the final count of his lawmakers who rebelled against him was higher than his supporters expected: 41% of his own parliamentary party refused to back him. That vote was triggered after months of speculation over Johnson's future. The so-called "Partygate" scandal, which saw Johnson found guilty of breaking his own Covid-19 laws by attending a gathering to celebrate his birthday at a time when such events were banned, has dogged Johnson since the news broke late last year. A controversial rise With the possible exception of his hero, Winston Churchill, Johnson was perhaps the most famous politician to enter Downing Street as Prime Minister, having forged a successful career as a journalist, novelist, TV personality and London mayor in the preceding decades. He was a populist before populists really existed. His controversial comments -- comparing Muslim women who wear face coverings to letterboxes, or calling gay men "bum boys" to name but two -- appalled many. But he got away with his Lothario image, the public seemingly happy to accept his alleged affairs and love child. It seemed that Johnson could essentially laugh his way through any problem. Yet, for all his ambition and charisma, the job of Prime Minister seemed out of reach for most of his adult life. Those who know Johnson personally say that he loathed the fact that many in the British Conservative elite saw him as a useful campaigning tool but more of a comedian cheerleader than a serious statesman. Even during his time as Mayor of London, winning two terms in a city that traditionally doesn't vote Conservative, the most memorable moments of his time in office are images such as him inelegantly dangling from a zip wire or forcefully rugby tackling a 10-year-old child while on a trade visit to Tokyo. He just wasn't considered serious enough for the top job. Then Brexit happened. Johnson led the successful campaign that defied the odds and saw the UK vote by a narrow majority to leave the European Union in 2016. Overnight, he went from being a man who seemed to have made a fatal political error by backing the wrong horse in the referendum, to the figurehead of a mass rebellion that had just overrun the entire British establishment. Guerilla journalism On paper, Johnson was an unlikely candidate to become the voice of those who felt themselves to be voiceless. Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson was born in New York City in 1964 to an internationalist family. As a boy, Johnson would tell friends and relatives that he wanted to be "world king" when fully grown, his sister wrote in a family biography. He was educated at Eton College, the most exclusive private school in the UK, alma mater of 20 Prime Ministers, followed by the University of Oxford. While at Oxford, he was a member of the notorious Bullingdon Club: An elite all-male group for wealthy students, famed for ostentatious (and sometimes rowdy) displays of wealth such as vandalizing restaurants, then paying for the damage on the spot in cash. Johnson was never proven to have been personally involved in any such activity. Johnson worked as a journalist for establishment newspapers, most notably The Daily Telegraph, which made him its Brussels correspondent in 1989. It was here in Belgium that Johnson began writing what would become the most important chapter of his life story: Brexit. Although the Telegraph was firmly Euroskeptic, the UK's exit from the EU was not really on the cards at the time, and even English Conservatives seemed to accept this. However, they lapped up Johnson's guerrilla journalism, which often stretched the truth of what was actually happening in Brussels. The most famous example of this was a story by Johnson that claimed the EU was planning to ban the sale of bendy bananas. The EU repeatedly debunked that and many of the stories that Johnson published. In 1999, Johnson was offered the editorship of The Spectator, a weekly magazine often jokingly called the "Conservative bible." He accepted, agreeing with the owner that he would drop his by now well-known political ambitions, according to a biography by the political journalist Andrew Gimson. He kept his word for all of two years and stood to become a member of parliament in 2001. In the years that followed, Johnson was swallowed by the conservative establishment. He carried on writing the conservative script as a journalist and building a base of loyalists both inside and outside of politics. As Johnson's confidence grew, he was determined to show the Conservative Party that his appeal went beyond the British right. In 2008, he was elected the Mayor of London -- a liberal, cosmopolitan city that did not traditionally vote Conservative. Johnson believed that he was showing his party that he had the chops to drag them into the 21st century. The problem for Johnson was that they already had a new, young leader -- his old schoolfriend and future Prime Minister, David Cameron. It was Cameron who ultimately made Brexit possible. After winning his second general election as Conservative leader in 2015, he decided to hold the EU referendum on the understanding that Johnson would fall in line and be an asset for the "remain" campaign. Instead, in February 2016, Johnson shocked the nation by announcing on the front page of his old paper, the Telegraph, that he would defy Cameron and lead the Brexit campaign. The rest is history. Johnson turned the establishment on its head and became the most influential politician in the UK. While he didn't become Prime Minister immediately, he continued to build his power base, undermining then-incumbent Theresa May as she struggled with Brexit for three years. As foreign secretary under May, he was blamed for worsening the predicament of the jailed British-Iranian mother Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe after wrongly saying in 2017 that she was in Iran teaching journalists, rather than on holiday, at the time she was detained. But his patchy record in the role did not appear to cost him much support within his party. A populist who became unpo[CENSORED]r Johnson's time finally came in July 2019 when he became leader of the Conservative Party, claiming around two-thirds of the membership vote. His brash style was vindicated later that year, when he silenced all of his opponents in a landslide election victory that would finally allow him to, as his own slogan boasted, "Get Brexit Done." It truly seemed that the stars had finally aligned for Johnson, who desperately wanted to be taken seriously. He made Brexit po[CENSORED]r and personally dragged it across the line. He had completed his transition to the role of statesman. He had proved everyone wrong.Yet, as the clock ticked down on so-called Brexit Day, January 31, 2020, a deadly virus was already causing alarm in Asia. It would soon start spreading across Europe and kick off the crisis that would remove him from office. Johnson had a mixed pandemic. He was lauded by the public for the amount of state spending unleashed to mitigate its impacts on those whose jobs and livelihoods were threatened, but panned by the more conservative elements of his party. He was accused of responding too slowly, but also for making lockdown rules so complicated even he and his team in Downing Street couldn't follow them. The breaking of these rules by Johnson and members of his team, the economic fallout of the pandemic leading in part to a cost-of-living crisis, his handling of the Pincher scandal and a general sense of the shine wearing off the Brexit golden boy were ultimately too much for his party. It seems its members couldn't stand the thought of Johnson staying on and dragging the party into its grave. His political career is a story of near-misses, sex scandals, celebrity, controversy and revolution that ended in personal tragedy. The man who only ever wanted to be taken seriously ended up, ultimately, as the joker once again. ShylOo ☑️ https://edition.cnn.com/2022/07/07/europe/boris-johnson-career-intl-cmd-gbr/index.html

The new Alfa Romeo Tonale SUV gets 5 stars in the severe Euro NCAP crash tests. Maximum points also for the new generation of Kia Sportage, the Cupra Born electric car and for the Mercedes-Benz T-Class and Citan vans. The Toyota Aygo X and the BMW i4 went one step down with the 4-star rating.Crash test Alfa Romeo Tonale Euro NCAP The Tonale, Alfa Romeo's first completely new model after the Stelvio in 2016, met all the requirements for a 5-star rating, despite lacking central airbags.Overall, the SUV in the Euro NCAP tests performed well above all in the prevention tests for road accidents with pedestrians and cyclists, the so-called vulnerable road users. ShylOo ☑️ https://www.newsauto.it/notizie/euro-ncap-alfa-romeo-tonale-kia-sportage-cupra-born-crash-test-2022-374410/

Two women were killed in shark attacks in Egypt’s Red Sea, south of the city of Hurghada, the Egyptian Ministry of Environment said on Sunday. Two sources told Reuters that the body of a Romanian tourist in her late forties was discovered hours after an attack that left a 68-year-old Austrian woman dead. Both attacks happened within 650 meters of each other, off the cast of Sahl Hasheesh, according to the sources. The ministry said in its statement that a committee had been formed to examine the circumstances of the attacks and any scientific reasons behind them. It also mentioned that the Governor of the Red Sea Governorate, Major General Amr Hanafi, has issued an order to suspend all activity in the area surrounding the attacks. Shark attacks have been relatively rare in Egypt’s Red Sea coastal region in recent years. In 2020, a young Ukrainian boy lost an arm and an Egyptian tour guide lost a leg in a shark attack. In 2010, a spate of shark attacks killed one European tourist and maimed several others off Sharm el-Sheikh on the Sinai Peninsula, across the Red Sea from Hurghada. Egypt’s Red Sea resorts, including Hurghada and Sharm el-Sheikh, are some of the country’s major beach destinations and are po[CENSORED]r with European tourists. Divers are drawn by the steep drop-offs of coral reefs just offshore that offer a rich and colorful sea life. Authorities have in recent years sought to revive the vital tourism sector, battered by years of instability and, more recently, the coronavirus pandemic and the war in Ukraine. ShylOo ☑️ https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/second-woman-killed-shark-attack-egypts-red-sea-rcna36532

Seoul, South Korea (CNN)Choi Jung-hun smiled as I read out the latest official Covid-19 figures from North Korean state media: fewer than 5 million cases of "fever" and just 73 fatalities -- a fraction of the death toll of every other country in the world. "North Koreans call them rubber band statistics," he said, in a nod toward Pyongyang's flexibility with the truth. "It's hard even for North Korea to know its own numbers." He speaks with some authority. Choi was a doctor for more than 10 years in North Korea, specializing in infectious diseases before he fled his home country in 2011. He can remember the SARS outbreak of 2002-2004, when he says hundreds of people in the northeastern city of Chongjin, where he was working, began dying after reporting "cold or flu-like symptoms." Doctors like Choi could only privately suspect SARS was to blame. North Korea had no ability to test for the disease, so officially it recorded zero infections. Its neighbor China reported more than 5,000 cases and hundreds of deaths. Choi can also remember dealing with a nationwide measles outbreak in 2006, armed only with a thermometer; and a 2009 flu pandemic in which even "more people died than during SARS" -- a situation made worse by an acute shortage of medicine. In previous epidemics, Choi explains, there was never an incentive for local officials to travel house to house to accurately count cases -- they had no masks or gloves and they figured statistics would be massaged by the regime to suit its needs. What's North Korea hiding? As with past outbreaks of disease in North Korea, one of the biggest concerns surrounding the country's Covid outbreak is that Pyongyang's penchant for secrecy makes it hard to accurately gauge its severity. International NGOs and most foreign embassies have long vacated the country and tightly sealed borders mean access is impossible, making the accounts of defectors like Choi all the more important. https://edition.cnn.com/2022/07/05/asia/north-korea-bigger-health-problems-covid-intl-hnk/index.html