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ABOUT THIS CONTENT The Hunter & The Beast is the latest Lords Pack for Total War: WARHAMMER II. Introducing two rival Legendary Lords from the world of Warhammer Fantasy Battles, each with their own objectives, mechanics, units and playstyle, for use in both the Eye of the Vortex and Mortal Empires campaigns, and custom/multiplayer battles. Two richly themed new Legendary Lords lead their own factions: Markus Wulfhart leads the Huntsmarshal’s Expedition (Empire), and Nakai The Wanderer leads the Spirit of the Jungle Each Legendary Lord brings their own unique faction mechanics, quest-chains, legendary items, skill-trees and campaign narrative Devastating new ranged units, mobile gunpowder batteries and fabled Hunter Heroes for the Huntsmarshal’s Expedition Towering new Dread Saurians, the largest beasts to walk the world of Total War: WARHAMMER, plus new Kroxigors, Razordons and Rites for Spirit of the Jungle New Regiments of Renown to unlock, recruit and field Background Fearless, charismatic, daring: these are but a few of the epithets bestowed upon Markus Wulfhart, the Huntsmarshal of Emperor Karl Franz. With his band of ruthless trackers, scouts, hunters and sharpshooters, who better to dispatch to the steaming jungles of Lustria, in order to plant the flag and further Imperial interests? And if some Big Game should wander into the crosshairs, why, all the better… But the jungle does not sleep. Nakai The Wanderer, revered Kroxigor of the first-spawning, is a living legend among the Lizardmen. Wandering the jungles of Lustria since the destruction of his home-city of Tlanxla during the Great Catastrophe, he follows where the Great Plan wills him. Now Lustria is at threat from usurpers once more. Nakai will rally the Sacred Kroxigors, and rouse the Dread Saurians from their ageless slumber – the Old Ones demand it! Emperor’s Mandate As Markus Wulfhart expands Imperial interests in Lustria, his stature in the eyes of the Emperor grows. As a result, he receives a broadening range of increasingly advanced Empire units to aid in his expedition. As new territory is captured, his building options also diversify. In the Eye of the Vortex campaign, Markus will ultimately face the Spirit of the Jungle himself, Nakai the Wanderer, to decide who holds dominion over the jungles of Lustria. Wulfhart’s campaign progress is measured by how effectively he fulfils the Emperor’s Mandate. Expansion, successful military operations and other campaign activities increase his acclaim, which is tracked on the Emperor’s Mandate bar. The Emperor’s Mandate also dictates the quality of units available to Wulfhart via the Imperial Supplies system, which dispatches better units for him to recruit from time to time. As the Mandate bar fills, he will also unlock bonuses to further improve these units, plus new recruitment buildings. In the Eye of the Vortex campaign, filling the Emperor’s Mandate bar will cause Nakai the Wanderer to issue a final, do-or-die challenge to Markus Wulfhart – a call to battle that will become the stuff of legend! Hostility The lands beyond the Empire are inimical to man, and Wulfhart’s actions will not go unnoticed. While defeating the local inhabitants improves Wulfhart’s Imperial standing and increases his supply of fresh troops, it also enrages Lustria’s native denizens… Wulfhart’s Hostility rating reflects the current level of Lustria’s retaliation against his military activities. Aggressive activities, such as military actions and raiding, can raise Hostility through five levels. Conversely, a more passive approach to the campaign will cause Hostility to fall. Each Hostility level has a negative effect on Wulfhart’s campaign, but is also a measure of his aggression against the Lizardmen. As he ascends through the Hostility levels, reinforcements are dispatched more frequently via the Imperial Supplies system. The strength of these reinforcements is still dictated by the Emperor’s Mandate bar. When peak Hostility is reached, a Lizardmen task-force is dispatched with the aim of defeating Wulfhart. He will instantly receive an Imperial Supplies drop and will need to survive sustained assault for a number of turns before the hostility bar resets. Wulfhart’s Hunters Scattered throughout Lustria are four of the finest Hunters that ever lived. Wulfhart may attempt to track them down and acquire their services to aid in the expedition’s success, and subsequently developing each Hunter’s unique attributes and learning the tales of their past deeds. Wulfhart can search for the four Hunters in the Jungles of Lustria by completing special missions. The Hunters each have bespoke stories which are uncovered through unique missions. Completing these missions will reward them with new traits and powerful abilities. The Hunters are not required to complete Wulfhart's narrative Vortex campaign, but bring major benefits to the Huntsmarshal’s Expedition. Jorek Grimm is a brilliant Master Engineer. Shunned for his eccentric ideas, he has struck out alone to seek his fortune in Lustria… Rodrik L'Anguille was once a renowned Paladin. Disgraced and exiled however, he is haunted by a past he cannot escape… Hertwig Van Hal, a skilled physician and Witch Hunter, has travelled far from home on his quest for ultimate vengeance… Kalara of Wydrioth, the eminent Waystalker, has traded the forests of Avelorn for the jungles of Lustria in pursuit of redemption… New units and characters: Markus Wulfhart In battle, Wulfhart is a ranged combatant with a powerful armour-piercing bow which deals bonus damage to large targets. Coupled with Vanguard Deployment, Stalk, a 360-degree fire-arc and immune to psychology, he has a well-deserved reputation as the ultimate monster hunter. In keeping with his reputation, Markus Wulfhart has a significant ambush defence and ambush success chance, and a large upkeep reduction to Huntsmen and Archers in his army. Huntsman General (Lord) Following Wulfhart’s example, his Huntsman Generals have Vanguard Deployment, Stalk, a 360-degree fire-arc are immune to psychology, and deal bonus damage against large targets. Their Fire Arrow capabilities mean they synergise well with Bright Wizards, and they grant reload-rate bonuses to other Imperial missile units. Archers The backbone of Wulfhart’s hunting-parties, these Imperial archers are inexpensive, plentiful, quick to fire, and are great at soaking enemy formations with ranged damage. Their loose formation enables them to trade fire with other ranged units at a profit. Deathjacks (Archers – Regiments of Renown) These elite archers also have Stalk, Snipe and Vanguard Deployment, enabling them to strike fast, strike first, and remain hidden from view. If well-screened, they can continue to fire without fear of discovery or ranged retaliation. Huntsmen: Only the finest archers ascend to the rank of Huntsmen. Well-drilled and versatile, they have Vanguard Deployment and Stalk, can fire while moving, have a greater range than standard Archers, enjoy a good degree of accuracy, and deal bonus damage to large targets. White Wolves (Huntsmen – Regiment of Renown) Few face the White Wolves and live to tell of it. These elite Huntsmen match their bow-skills with ruthless melee capabilities, granting them a useful hybrid role. Alongside their Hunter attributes, they also Encourage nearby friendlies and are Immune to Psychology. War Wagon These mobile armoured wagons are packed with six riflemen, each armed with an armour-piercing Outrider rifle. Slower than standard missile cavalry but far more resilient, they can fire while moving and in all directions, and reposition to place their fusillades precisely where required. In a pinch, they can also be used as chariots and charged into lighter or weakened enemy units. War Wagon (Mortar) These mobile artillery pieces may carry less ammo than standard mortars, but more than make up for it by being able to stay one step ahead of melee combatants, repositioning when threatened to set up a new base-of-fire and bombard the foe afresh. The Black Lions (War Wagon - Helblaster Volley Gun – Regiment of Renown) The ultimate unit in The Expedition’s armoury, The Black Lion is a devastating mobile light artillery piece. While shorter ranged than a standard Helblaster Volley Gun, it can pump rounds into approaching troops until the last second, then reposition to avoid getting caught in melee. Nakai the Wanderer (Spirit of the Jungle) Unique faction mechanics: New Horde mechanics Nakai’s faction, the Spirit of the Jungle, offers a unique variation on Horde gameplay. Each army in his faction, when placed in the Encampment stance, may develop its settlement infrastructure much as a standard settlement would. That infrastructure is preserved when the horde moves off, and may be further developed during future periods of Encampment. If a horde is destroyed in battle, all its infrastructure is lost along with the army. However, only Nakai’s personal horde can unlock units for recruitment. Other hordes in his faction may then recruit unit types Nakai has unlocked using the Global Recruitment option. These ‘minor’ hordes still have their own infrastructure and building trees, though some of these are focused on reducing Global Recruitment times rather than unlocking units. Defence of the Great Plan The Great Plan of the Old Ones lies in a delicate balance. Many look to disrupt it, but none defend it as devoutly as Nakai the Wanderer. Nakai begins play with a vassal faction called the Defenders of the Great Plan – the caretakers of the great Temple Cities. When one of Nakai’s armies captures a region, it may be gifted to the Defenders. When a region is gifted thus, Nakai must choose which Old One that region’s temple should be dedicated to. As more temples are dedicated to a specific Old One, the more powerful the rewards bestowed upon Nakai and his faction. These temples generate a unique resource called Old Ones' Favour. Nakai may expend this Favour to access Blessed Spawnings units, or to recruit Lords at much higher ranks. Warmblood Invaders The avaricious warmbloods look to pillage the temple cities of Lustria for profit. These invaders lurk throughout the jungles; they must be tracked and confronted with cold-blooded ferocity for the Great Plan to remain intact and unimpaired! In the Eye of the Vortex campaign, Nakai must fight to keep Lustria in the rightful hands of the Lizardmen. Several Empire colonies have been established, and each is encroaching on the jungle. They must be dealt with! Four extremely dangerous Hunters co-ordinate the efforts of the warmbloods. Hunt them down to draw out their leader, then defeat them all in a final, epic confrontation! Unique Rites Nakai has a selection of new Rites focused around his units, faction mechanics and campaign focus. Rite of Alleigance: Performing this Rite brings Nakai to the attention of the Old Ones, increasing his vassal income and all his Hordes' replenishment rates. Rite of Rebirth: this Rite increases the growth rate for Hordes in Nakai’s faction, reduces construction costs, and reduces unit recruitment and upkeep costs factionwide. Rite of Mastery: This Rite increases the recruitment rank of Kroxigors, Kroxigor Ancients and Sacred Kroxigors, while improving their weapon strength and armour. New units and characters: Nakai the Wanderer With high armour, health, melee attack and weapon strength, Nakai is a powerful brawler, well-suited to extended melee. He also grants bonus melee defence to, and reduces the recruitment and upkeep costs, of Kroxigors and Sacred Kroxigors in his army. Nakai also has a number of new support abilities in battle, further cementing his role as the centrepiece of battle: Miasma of Despair: speed, vigour and leadership area-effect debuff Primal Roar: Increases Nakai’s physical resistance and melee attack, and grants Rampage to allies Golden Tributes: Perfect Vigour for allies in range Ancient Kroxigors These well-armoured, hard hitting, anti-infantry specialists are cast in the mould of Nakai himself, and well-suited to extended melee engagements. Feral Dread Saurian If you thought Carnosaurs the apex-predators of Lustria, think again. With breathtaking weapon-damage and high armour, these towering walls of teeth and fury are versatile, elite-killing, melee behemoths, and are subject to Rampage. Dread Saurian (Howdah) Somewhat tamer than their feral cousins, though no less capable, these titanic beasts are ridden into battle by Skink skirmishers, and do not rampage. Combining their terrifying melee power with four giant blowpipes and eight skinks hurling poisoned javelins, it is the ultimate multirole unit. Shredder of Lustria (Dread Saurian Howdah – Regiment of Renown) With rank nine stats, Encourage, and a passive hex aura reducing nearby enemy leadership, The Shredder of Lustria is truly a one-unit army – and comes with a pricetag to match. Sacred Kroxigors These versatile and hard-hitting monstrous infantry are great all-rounders. With high weapon-strength and magical attacks, they can plough through against a greater variety of foes than standard Kroxigors. Cohort of Huatl (Sacred Kroxigors – Regiment of Renown) The Cohort of Huatl is a top-tier monstrous infantry unit. Building on the Sacred Kroxigors’ capabilities with additional armour-sundering attacks and bonus physical resistance, they synergise well in the field with Skinks and Saurus Warriors. Razordon Hunting Pack Filling the air with deadly grapeshot-style volleys of armour-piercing fire, Razordon Hunting Packs are potent – and mobile – armoured infantry hunters. Amaxon Barbs (Razordons – Regiment of Renown) Dealing poison damage, and heavily scaled for enhanced missile resistance, these Razordons are pinpoint shooters and make top-notch skirmishers. For more information on FREELC and other frequently asked questions, please click the link Here MATURE CONTENT DESCRIPTION The developers describe the content like this: Gameplay consists of graphic and realistic-looking depictions of physical conflict, weapons and depictions of human injury and death.

Hello Dear. First of all open the game console using \ and enter: net_graph 3 This will show the current FPS and now you'll be able to see the FPS improvements. Now, open the console again with \ and enter the following commands, one by one, in this order: developer 1 fps_override 1 fps_max 131 You can change the number on the "fps_max" command to reach more or less fps. You have to do this process every time you open CS 1.6. If Your Problem Still just Contact Me.

Look at me cars are not just cars, contrary to what many may think. More commonly known as LAM cars, this actually seems to be a social phenomenon with outrageous and beautiful vehicles at its core. First and foremost, those who are taking part in the LAM phenomenon are running for all their worth after being cool and being included. Whether your favorite car is blue, red or multi-colored, whether it’s a hatchback, tricked-out truck or a sleek ride meant for cruising, you can establish a presence with the right vehicle-based graphics. As the old hippies said some 40 years ago, it’s a happening, similar in function to MySpace, Facebook and many other interaction communities that have exploded on the World Wide Web. Wait, maybe it’s more than that. Maybe it’s a way to make your MySpace, Facebook or personal site more you (as defined by the head-turning car in the photo). The question is: What kind of car yells out “look at me.” According to those who responded, a cruiser leads the way, with street truck, off-road truck and lowrider occupying lesser status. For some, a Hummer still cries out for attention. lam-look-at-me-carsBut whatever the individual choice, there seems to be a movement that might just rival the car-phenomenon of the 1950s and 1960s. During that time, a guy was judged not by the company he kept, but by the wheels he was seen in at the drive-in or the local malt shop. In the new world, it’s not just the guys, but most definitely the girls too, making their personal statement. Fast forward to the world of Internet communication, personal Web pages and desktop publishing, and we have a whole new “thing.” One example even has construction workers hollering about the great vintage vehicle being driven by an attractive gal, rather than commenting on her chassis. In this simmering world of interest in cars and the statement they make, the variety can be staggering. There is a growing interest in making personal spaces scream about Disney / Pixar cars. Others will find their paradise (and hope others find them) with the old but newly cool Cadillac theme. Don’t forget about those Barracudas, Road Runners and 396-driven Camaros. The Web’s muscle car community is growing. Maybe it’s just expanding from the old grease monkeys and drag fiends to become the Internet’s version of the favorite T — shirt. In the same everybody-welcome mode, you can also share a video of your favorite car even if heads turn because it’s a clunker and you happen to be standing on the hood as it rolls down the street. What’s behind this interest in getting people to notice “me and my car?” One blogger proposes it’s because major car companies don’t know how to make one car look different from another. Another fellow expresses his cynicism by saying that, since people don’t have real life, they live it through their cars. Who knows? It’s happening anyway.

We all wish to travel, a number of North American nation might not admit it to others however I realize that’s additional as a result of they don’t wish to admit it to themselves. They feel they can’t travel for no matter reason, in order that they tell themselves they don’t wish to so they don’t feel they’re missing out. I’m lease everybody recognize they’ll. whether or not it’s finances holding them back, or not knowing the way to act putting in a good vacation, or simply concern of occurring their 1st trip outside of their temperature. And I’m visiting justify it through talking concerning style vacation clubs. I’ll be talking concerning this from the expertise i’ve got in travel that i’ve got done and also the style vacation club i’ve got data about. First professional of a life-style vacation club. The first, and possibly biggest, professional for plenty of individuals is that the price. plenty of individuals wish to induce the maximum amount price as they’ll out of the cash they pay. It is smart, we have a tendency to exerting for our cash therefore we wish to induce the maximum amount out of it as we are able to. the life-style vacation club that i’ve got data of will simply that. they offer plenty of bang for your buck. All the holiday packages offered are settled at four and five star resorts or hotels at a pair of and three star costs. They guarantee rock bottom worth or they’ll refund you the value of the trip and send you on the holiday anyway. Pretty powerful statement. there’s invariably inclusions within the trip that adds most price to the cash you’re defrayment similarly. If your trip is to funfair, they embody tickets to the park. A sport trip, they embody the raise pass throughout your keep. every day at a race, nice seats that embody pit passes. a life-style vacation club has price. Pro # 2 of a life-style vacation club. Worry free. Let’s face it, our lives are busy. putting in a good vacation is time overwhelming. you have got to seek out a resort within the space you’re desirous to go. you wish to verify vacancy throughout the time you would like to travel. Then you wish to line up things to try and do within the space you would like to travel. you’ll avoid this purchase doing it whereas your on your vacation, however World Health Organization needs to try and do that? I’ve done it and it absolutely was else stress… whereas on vacation attempting to induce faraway from stress !! Then you have got to get hold of it, previous time or whereas on vacation like I did on one in every of my journeys. Either methodology could be a problem and time overwhelming. With a life-style vacation club the effort is detached. you’ll set filters for the kind of trip your trying to find creating it very straightforward to find the trip you would like with the inclusions you’re desirous to expertise, book the trip and you’re done. The third professional of a life-style vacation club. As being a part of a membership, the identical trip goes to be offered to others. this enables you to own a typical ground with the individuals on the outings with you, the membership. whether or not it's whale look off the coast of Mexico, or a gathering tour in France, some or several of the individuals on those excursions with you have got a typical ground with you to interrupt the ice and create the initial interaction less awkward, you all are members of the identical style vacation club. Knowing that there’s visiting be others on the trip that you just share a membership with could create it easier to require that 1st trip to induce over your concern of traveling. Pro four of a life-style vacation club As I’ve expressed, there’s a particular style vacation club that i’ve got data of. There’s bound perks that this style vacation club has that create it actually wonderful. one in every of these perks is an internet mall. There are over one thousand retailers during this on-line mall to decide on from. after you create purchases on-line for things your visiting purchase anyway, you get a share back within the sort of “travel dollars”. These may be applied to the trip you selected, flights for the trip, or simply your own personal hotels, etc. basically, if you look on-line enough, and accumulate enough “travel dollars”, you’ll persist a visit free. fully wonderful. Next are some supposed cons. plenty of things although are from points of read, and I’m visiting provide totally different points of read to seem at these cons in a very positive light-weight. Con # 1 of a life-style vacation club I hear it all the time, “but I don’t like teams of individuals therefore I wouldn’t wish to travel on a visit wherever there’s a bunch of others doing the identical thing”. First, you don’t should participate within the cluster activities, however it may find yourself being a reasonably boring trip. therefore take a look at it in a very totally different light-weight. Trust me, whether or not you’re on a visit on your own or a part of a life-style vacation club, there’s visiting be others around. You’ll should pay a reasonably hefty fee to own the breathing device pedagogue take simply you and your companion out for the dive, pretty dear booking the whale look boat for simply your family completely. Unless you pay vast cash there’s visiting be others doing the identical things as you. therefore why not amendment your purpose of read and appearance at it as a professional like expressed in pro # 3. you have got a commonality with the individuals on the outings with you. Second con of a life-style vacation club. They don’t embody flights within the price of the trip. OK therefore you bought Pine Tree State there. it’d be not possible for them to try and do this. There would be people flying from simply some hours away and folks flying from across associate degree ocean. There would be no thanks to create one worth for these once individuals are coming back from everywhere. however let Pine Tree State raise you this. A family in British Columbia Canada is booking a vacation to Cancun Mexico through some booker that “includes” the flight. Now, the identical size family happens to be booking the precise same trip, at the precise same time, through the identical booker, however this family is within the state of Texas in the us. does one assume that the value of the holiday goes to be the identical for every family? the solution isn’t any. The family in Texas is much nearer to Cancun than the family in Canada. although they are saying the flight is enclosed, it’s extremely simply bundled in with the value of the keep. As for the con… I’ve found the value of flights to a visit within the style vacation club and totalled it up. I then found vacations to the identical place at the same time that enclosed flights. I then had to seek out the value it’d be to induce the identical things that the life-style vacation club includes within the cost, and add it to the value of the “flight included” vacation package. Guess what, the life-style vacation club finish worth was many greenbacks cheaper whenever. That takes North American nation back to professional one, bang for our buck. I’d rather book a separate flight and save many greenbacks then book a vacation that features a flight. additionally, there’s several people that have ways of grouping points to use towards flights after we opt to travel. once booking a vacation wherever the flight is bundled with the holiday package, you can’t use your points to form the flight portion cheaper. once the flight is cut loose the holiday package, you’re unengaged to get hold of the flight however you would like, therefore you’ll do that victimization your points, seat sales, etc. In my opinion this turns journeys wherever the flight is “included”, into a con. and also the incontrovertible fact that the flight isn’t “included” within the style vacation club, into a pro. Con three of a life-style vacation club. The vacations of the life-style vacation club are pre-set with the dates. Another factor I hear all the time. “It’s my vacation and that i wish to travel on my time, not a time chosen on behalf of me by the livestyle vacation club.” OK, yes, the vacations in a very style vacation club have pre-set dates. they’ll provide nice costs as a result of they purchase vacations like Costco buys groceries. They book an enormous quantity of rooms from a resort at a selected time obtaining them huge discounts on the value and that they pass those savings on to the member. I’ve seen ski journeys as an example, simply a pair months apart, to the identical place. journeys to Universal Studios in FL at varied times throughout the year. they provide the maximum amount choices as they’ll for flexibility. therefore I provide a distinct thanks to take a look at it to reduce the negativity of it. Wouldn’t you be receptive the concept of adjusting your vacation date’s a touch, if it suggests that saving many greenbacks on your trip? i do know i might. Fourth con of a life-style vacation club. The lifestyle vacation club that i’ve got data of incorporates a membership fee. there’s associate degree initial founded fee and a monthly fee subsequently. It’s a con in a very means i suppose however this company will one thing to form it a professional. Costco incorporates a yearly fee. You pay that fee to own access to the good deals inside their store. The deals are worthwhile therefore you pay the fee. Same plan with the membership fee of a life-style vacation club. You pay a fee to induce access to the good deals on vacations. however what this company will to show it into a professional is kind of distinctive. each greenback you pay, that features the initial founded fee similarly because the monthly fees, gets turned in to “DreamTrip” points, greenback for dollar, one greenback equals one purpose. The vacations have a degree price which will be subtracted from the greenback value you have got to pay to book the already deeply discounted trip. therefore extremely the membership fee acts sort of a vacation bank account. So again, staring at it a distinct means turns this negative into a positive similarly.

World War II and British intervention, 1939–45 Nūrī al-Saʿīd, author of the 1930 treaty, was prime minister when war broke out. Believing that the Anglo-Iraqi alliance was the best guarantee for Iraqi security, he wanted to declare war on Germany, but his ministers counseled caution, as British victory was then in doubt. The premier accordingly declared Iraq nonbelligerent and severed diplomatic relations with Germany. When Italy entered the war in 1940, however, Nūrī al-Saʿīd, then minister of foreign affairs in the cabinet of newly appointed prime minister Rashīd ʿAlī al-Gaylānī, was unable to persuade the cabinet to break off diplomatic relations with Italy. Under the influence of pan-Arab leaders, public opinion in Iraq changed radically after France’s fall, becoming especially hostile to Britain because other Arab countries remained under foreign control. Pan-Arabs urged Iraqi leaders to free Syria and Palestine and achieve unity among Arab countries. Extremists advocated alliance with Germany as the country that would foster independence and unity among Arabs. Rashīd ʿAlī was at first unwilling to side with the extremists and gave lip service to the Anglo-Iraqi alliance. Dissension among the Iraqi leaders, however, forced him to side with the pan-Arabs. Leading army officers also fell under pan-Arab influences and encouraged Rashīd ʿAlī to detach Iraq from the British alliance. During 1940 and 1941, Iraqi officers were unwilling to cooperate with Britain, and the pan-Arab leaders began secret negotiations with the Axis Powers. Britain decided to send reinforcements to Iraq. Rashīd ʿAlī, while allowing a small British force to land in 1940, was forced to resign early in 1941, but he was reinstated by the army in April and refused further British requests for reinforcements. British contingents entered Iraq from the Persian Gulf and from the Ḥabbāniyyah air base in April and May 1941; armed conflict with Iraqi forces followed. The hostilities lasted only 30 days, during which period a few Iraqi leaders, including the regent and Nūrī al-Saʿīd, fled the country. By the end of May, the Iraqi army had capitulated. Rashīd ʿAlī and his pan-Arab supporters left the country. The return of the regent and moderate leaders through British intervention had far-reaching consequences. Britain was given what it demanded: the use of transportation and communication facilities and a declaration of war on the Axis Powers in January 1942. Rashīd ʿAlī’s supporters were dismissed from the service, and some were interned for the duration of the war. Four officers who were responsible for the British-Iraqi conflict were hanged. Postwar reconstruction and social upheavals, 1945--58 During World War II, liberal and moderate Iraqi elements began to play an active political role. The entry of the United States and the Soviet Union into the war and their declarations in favor of democratic freedoms greatly enhanced the position of the Iraqi democratic elements. The people endured shortages and regulations restricting personal liberty and the freedom of the press, trusting that the end of the war would bring the promised better way of life. The government, however, paid no attention to the new spirit, and the wartime regulations and restrictions continued after the war. The regent, bdAbd al-Ilāh, called a meeting of the country’s leaders in 1945 and made a speech in which he attributed public disaffection to the absence of a truly parliamentary system. He called for the formation of political parties and promised full freedom for their activities and the launching of social and economic reforms. The immediate reactions to the regent’s speech were favourable, but, when political parties were formed in 1946 and certain regulations were abolished, the older politicians and vested interests resisted. The new government formed in January 1946 was overthrown within a few months of its inception. Nūrī al-Saʿīd then became prime minister and tried to enlist the cooperation of political parties, but the general elections held under his government’s supervision were no different from previous controlled elections. The parties boycotted the elections. Nūrī al-Saʿīd resigned in March 1947, and Ṣāliḥ Jabr formed a new government. Jabr, the first Shīʿite politician to become a prime minister, included in his cabinet a number of young men, but he himself was unacceptable to some liberal and nationalist elements who had been roughly handled when he was wartime minister of interior. Jabr tried to help the Arabs in Palestine in order to improve his image in nationalist circles, but he mishandled opposition leaders. Most damaging was his attempt to replace the Anglo-Iraqi treaty of 1930 without consulting with Iraqi leaders. When he was asked to consult with others, he called in only older politicians and excluded the younger leaders. Jabr entered into negotiations with Britain with the intention of enhancing his own position. When he found that Britain wanted to retain control of its air bases in Iraq, he insisted that Britain accept the principle of Iraqi control of the bases; Iraq would allow Britain to use them in the event of war. He threatened to resign if Britain refused his proposals. It was with this understanding that Jabr proceeded to London early in 1948 to negotiate a new treaty. He and Ernest Bevin, the British foreign secretary, quickly came to an agreement and signed a 20-year treaty at Portsmouth on January 15, 1948. It provided for a new alliance between Iraq and Britain on the basis of equality and complete independence and required that “each of the high contracting parties undertake not to adopt in foreign countries an attitude which is inconsistent with the alliance or which might create difficulties for the other party.” An improvement of the 1930 treaty, this document sought an alliance on the basis of mutual interests. The two air bases, which were often the subject of criticism, were returned to Iraq. British forces were to be evacuated, and Iraq would be supplied with arms and military training. The annex to the treaty stressed the importance of the air bases as “an essential element in the defense of Iraq.” Britain’s use of the bases in the event of war, or threat of war, would depend on Iraq’s invitation. The treaty also provided for the establishment of a joint defense board for common defense and consultation. Both parties agreed to grant each other necessary facilities for defense purposes. Despite these advances, the treaty was repudiated immediately in a po[CENSORED]r uprising. Street demonstrations had occurred before the treaty was signed, in defense of Arab rights in Palestine, but, when the news of the signing of the new treaty was broadcast in London, rioting and demonstrations in Baghdad followed. Within a week of the signing, the regent called a meeting at the royal household that was attended by both older and younger leaders. After deliberations, they decided to repudiate the treaty. Jabr returned to Baghdad to defend his position but to no avail. Rioting and demonstrations increased, and Jabr was forced to resign. The new treaty was not the root cause of the uprising. It was the culmination of a struggle between the young, liberal leaders who wanted to participate in political activities and the older leaders who insisted on excluding them. This conflict continued after the treaty was rejected. The older politicians returned to power under Nūrī al-Saʿīd’s leadership. In 1952 another po[CENSORED]r uprising flared, stirred by opposition leaders and carried out by students and extremists. The police were unable to control the mob, and the regent called on the army to maintain public order. The chief of the general staff governed the country under martial law for more than two months. Civilian rule was restored at the beginning of 1953, but there was no sign that the country’s older leaders were prepared to share authority with their opponents. Meanwhile, King Fayṣal II, who had come of age, began to exercise his formal powers, and the period of regency came to an end. It was hoped that ʿAbd al-Ilāh would withdraw from active politics and allow the political forces of the country to create a new order. The former regent, who became the crown prince, continued to control political events from behind the scenes, however, and the struggle for power among the leaders continued with increasing intensity until the downfall of the monarchy in 1958. Despite political instability, Iraq achieved material progress during the 1950s, thanks to a new oil agreement that increased royalties and to the establishment of the Development Board. The original oil agreement between the Iraqi government and the IPC had heretofore yielded relatively modest royalties, owing to certain technical limitations (such as the need for pipelines) and to war conditions. It was not until 1952 that construction of pipelines to Bāniyās was completed. Some points of dispute between the government and the IPC were not entirely resolved. The nationalization of the oil industry in Iran and the announcement of the 1950 agreement between Saudi Arabia and Aramco (Arabian American Oil Company, later Saudi Aramco), on a half-and-half basis of payment, induced the Iraqi government and the IPC to negotiate a new agreement on the division of profits. Some opposition leaders demanded that the oil industry be nationalized, but the Iraqi government and the IPC, forestalling any serious move for nationalization, agreed to negotiate on the basis of the fifty-fifty formula, to the mutual advantage of Iraq and the company. The new agreement was signed in 1952; it allowed Iraq to take part of its share of the profits in kind and to receive an increasing amount of royalties specifically agreed upon between the two parties. It was stated that Iraq would receive a set minimum amount of the proceeds in 1953 and all subsequent years. In 1950 the government had created an independent Development Board, an agency immune from political pressures and responsible directly to the prime minister. The board had six executive members, three of whom had to be experts in some branch of the development program. The prime minister, as chairman, and the minister of finance were ex officio members. An amendment to the law increased membership by two and provided for a minister of development responsible directly to the head of the cabinet. These members were appointed by the cabinet, had equal voting rights, and were not permitted to hold any other official position. Two foreign members held positions as experts, and the Iraqi members were selected on merit and past experience. The board was composed of a council and ministry. Its staff was divided into technical sections and the ministry into a number of departments. The technical sections were for irrigation, flood control, water storage, drainage, transportation, and industrial and agricultural development. The board was financed from 70 percent of oil royalties and from loans and revenues from the board’s own projects. In 1950 the World Bank provided a loan for the Wadi Al-Tharthār flood-control project, and other flood-control plans were constructed. Extensive work on bridges and public buildings — including schools, hospitals, a new Parliament building, and a royal house — was started. This work, especially the work on dams and irrigation projects, was a long-term investment, and many short-term projects of more direct benefit to the po[CENSORED]tion were neglected. Opposition leaders attacked the Development Board for the stress on long-term projects that they claimed benefited only the vested interests — landowners and tribal chiefs. Despite criticism, the board maintained an independent status rarely enjoyed by any other government department. Nevertheless, the public remained unaware of the far-reaching effects of the projects undertaken, while the opposition attacked the board for squandering funds on contracts given to wealthy landlords and influential politicians.

Grand Theft Auto V is the biggest and best work of Rockstar Games to this day and it is the type of adventures in an open world known in the Arab region as "Grand Theaters", events in Los Santos in San Andreas, a city inspired by Los Angeles and California and some areas Adjacent class Vegas. The time of the game in our time 2013. As Rockstar stated that V will be the largest open world game in the history of their versions of the games where the area of the map and content is greater than San Andreas and IV and Reddeed combined. The map consists of a very large main city, mountains and wild prairies, marine areas, airports, poor suburbs, farms, villagers, fast lines, motels and a military base. More than before to buy recreational or commercial supplies and other cars and clothing and many things and also contribute to the stock market or trade, there will be three characters playable and their stories will be interconnected, but the player will not be able to play them at first, and But the game will follow the system of unlocking characters according to the story as in the previous parts to open other islands. There are three main characters (Michael - Franklin - Trevor) that you will not be able to play with them at the beginning, but the player can use all the above in the story according to the common events between them. The game provides a system of change between the characters similar to the game system: Driver: San Francisco, and you can switch characters at any time and when you use one of them will not stop the other characters to exercise their daily lives and accomplish missions and earn money from any available source (Example: In the game view we saw the change of characters while The camera moved to Michael and he practiced cycling with his son hobby and the move to Trevor was in the middle of a hunt with the police. And each character has its own characteristics (Michael: can slow down the time while shooting as in Max Ben 3 - Franklin can slow the time while driving as needforspeed - traver can double the damage to the enemies in combat and reduce the impact to 50%) the story Not much information is revealed sweet, preferably discovered by yourself, it is worth mentioning that the director and writer of the story promised a solid story and rich events and no less phobias best Hollywood works and dramas, and each character will have some independent elements in the story as well as their main stories are interrelated and many of the characters will Get to know them while playing. Robbery missions One of the best missions in the IV was the bank robbery and Rockstar realized that the public wants more of this kind of missions, so they made sure that the game offers a quantity of robberies and thefts in different ways, and developed a wonderful system of bank robbery and a strategy devoted by the player, It is possible to form a complete team of the task and the number of people, cars and intrusion method either quiet and tactical way or clear offensive way and also choose everything from the positions of the characters and the task of each person and their weapons and clothes and details and after finishing the task is divided spoils on the crew of theft and also stated that most of the robbery missions will not beN main tasks of alfalfa.

As we know that every software in the world to do some business and to ensure high quality so it is really important to point out the defects and errors that developer may leave during the development phases which can be affected on software business and their quality. Example: Programmers may make a mistake during the implementation of the software. There could be many reasons for this like lack of experience of the programmer, lack of knowledge of the programming language, insufficient experience in the domain, incorrect implementation of the algorithm due to complex logic or simply human error. Functional Software Testing: - It is the type of testing done against the business requirements of the application and also called as Black box testing. Based on the functional specification document this type of testing is to be carried out to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements like Business requirements or UI. It can be done manually or by using some automation tool. Types of Functional Software Testing: - In the types of functional testing following testing types should be cover: - Unit Testing: - It is the first level of software testing where the smallest unit of software is a line of code and testing that is called as unit testing. Unit is a part of White Box Testing. —- * —- Integration Testing: - Integration Testing is defined as a type of testing where software modules are integrated logically and tested as a group. Integration Testing focuses on checking data flow between two or more modules so it is also necessary to verify the software modules work in unity. Hence it is also called as ‘I & T’ (Integration and Testing), ‘String Testing’ and sometimes ‘Thread Testing’ or second level of software testing. Approaches of Integration Testing: - Incremental Integration Testing: - Incrementally add the modules to make it as a group and test the data flow. It also has three sub approaches to accomplish the testing. Top-Down IT Incrementally add the modules (feature) and check the data flow from the parent module to the child module. Exp: - parent> child1> child2> child3> child4 …… ..child n. Signup> Login> Home> …………………………… Logout. Bottom-Up IT: - Incrementally add the modules (feature) and check the data flow from the child module to the parent module. Exp: - Child n> child n> child n> child n ……………… ..…. …… ..Parent. Forgot password ………………………… ..Signup> Login> Home. Sandwich IT: - Combination of both Top-Down and Bottom-Up approach is called as sandwich integration testing. Non-Incremental Integration Testing: - In this approach we can’t determine who is a parent and who is the child module here all component are integrated together at once and then tested. And it also called as Big Bang Approach of Integration Testing. —- * —- System Testing: - It is also a level of software testing where the functionalities of the software tested from end to end respectively. That’s why it is called as an end to end testing means navigate through all the features check whether end business of the software is working or not. In short Testing of the user’s experience with the application. That is a very basic description of what is involved in system testing. we need to build detailed test cases and test suites that test each aspect of the application. —- * —- Acceptance Testing: - Testing the software by the end-user or customer to ensure whether the product is acceptable or not. This is the last level of software testing. Acceptance testing has two approaches: - Alpha Testing: - Alpha testing performed by Test engineers who are usually internal employees of the organization to ensure whether the product is ready or not before officially released. Beta Testing: - Beta testing is performed by Clients or End Users who are not employees of the organization before officially released the software to ensure whether the software has all the necessary changes or bug fixed or not. (because if the all the changes are done with the software before released then it will become easy to use) Most of the issues or feedback is collected from Beta testing will be implemented in future versions of the product and it also concentrates on the quality of the product, but gathers users input on the product and ensures that the product is ready for real-time users. Smoke Testing: - Testing the Basic and Critical feature of the deployed software before doing thorough testing is called as Smoke testing. This serves as confirmation whether the QA team can proceed with further testing. In simple terms, we are verifying whether the important features are working and there are no showstoppers in the build that is under testing. It is also called as build verification and Dry Run. Real-Time Example: Assume, we are working for an e-Commerce site (Flipkart, Amazon, Myntra). When a new build is released for testing, as QA we have to make sure whether the core functionalities are working or not. So we try to access the e-Commerce site and user registration, login, search product, add an item into your cart to place an order till payment gateway. That’s a major flaw in most of the e-Commerce sites. If this flow works, now we can say this build is passed. we can move on to functional testing on the same build. Why Test Engineers should do smoke testing: - Test engineers should perform smoke testing to check whether the build is testable or not it should work at least on positive input or cases. Test engineers should perform smoke testing because the developer will get enough time to fixed the bug’s if he Test engineers found initially. We perform some testing to check whether a build is installed or not that is why it is also called build verification testing. —- * —- Sanity Testing: - Sanity is a subset of regression testing. Where the test engineer test only impacted regions due to changes in requirement. The impacted region may be basic or critical. Generally, this testing performed on the build where the production deployment is required immediately like a critical bug fix or some changes happens. Real-Time Example: Assume, we are working for Paytm and the wallet limit is changed from 10,000 to 20,000 now QA team will make a plan to observe which feature get impacted that we need to test. like first of all wallet (as per new requirement user should able to add 20,000) Pay or Money Transfer (as per new requirement user should able to Transfer 20,000 to other user) Passbook (as per new requirement user should able see their all records till 20,000) Recharge (as per new requirement user should able to recharge of 20,000). —- * —- Regression Testing: - Regression is a superset of sanity testing. In which as the software upgrades some new feature gets added because of these new features some of old feature might have been impacted (fixing one thing has not broken another thing.). So testing those old features to ensure whether changes have impacted them or not is called as Regression testing. Or we can say “Testing the Unchanged feature of the software”. During regression testing, new test cases are not created but previously created test cases are re-executed. (As Regression [noun] literally means the act of going back to a previous place or state, reversion.) Regression testing can be performed during any level of testing (Unit, Integration, System, or Acceptance) but it is done mostly during System Testing. Approaches to Regression Testing: - Unit Regression Testing: - When changed (or new feature) and Unchanged (old feature) is in the same (common) module. Real-Time Example: Assume, we are working for Paytm and there is a common module is Money Transfer. inside that there is a sub feature wallet through which user can transfer their Money which is an old feature. Now new feature get added as UPI / ID or Bank now we need to do Regression Testing for wallet feature because of new feature (UPI / Bank) the wallet feature may be affected. Regional Regression Testing: - When changed (or new feature) and Unchanged (old feature) is in the same different module.Real-Time Example: Assume, we are working for G-mail there is a feature as an attached file inside compose feature and here attached file limit changes from (10mb to 20mb). Now we need to do Regression testing which interrelated with the compose feature as sent, Draft, Trash, All mail, the inbox of other users. These all other features are separated with composing feature but they should accept these new data limit. this is just similar to sanity testing. That’s why Regression testing is called as a superset of sanity testing.

learn how to perform a soft or hard reset on the Samsung Galaxy S9 smartphone. Soft Reset A soft reset will simply force a reboot in the event the S9 has become frozen or unresponsive. Data will not be cleared from the device after a soft reset. Press and hold “Volume Down” + “Power” buttons for about 10 seconds. The device should restart. Hard Reset A hard reset will set the device to factory default settings. All data will be cleared from the device when performing a factory reset. Option 1 With the Galaxy S9 powered off, press and hold the “Volume Up” and “Bixby” buttons. Continue to hold both buttons, then press and release the “Power” button to power the device on. Release all buttons when the Samsung logo appears. The “Installing system update” and “No command” screens will appear, followed by the Android Recovery menu. Use the volume buttons to toggle the selection to “Wipe data / factory reset“. Press “Power” to choose the highlighted selection. Option 2 Open “Settings” > “General management” > “Reset” > “Factory data reset” > “Reset” > “Delete all” FAQ How do I disable Factory Reset Protection? Factory Reset Protection prevents access to your device without your permission. It locks the device to your Google account. If you’re changing ownership of the phone, you will want to turn this feature off. You can disable Factory Reset Protection by removing your Google account from the device before the factory reset. This can be done under “Settings” > “Accounts and cloud” > “Accounts” > “Google” > select the account > > “Remove account“.

Until a couple of years ago, the best way to test your storage hardware was by using a black box, but now there are more options. The new options are exclusively performed in software, courtesy of Calypso Systems, the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA), and maybe soon from the University of New Hampshire's InterOperability Laboratory. Load-testing software isn't new, but it generally works by running sample data through your network. In the Calypso system, released as a specification via SNIA in May 2018, testing is performed by capturing your actual company data. They call it Real World Storage Workload (RWSW) Performance Test Specification for Datacenter Storage—the name that doesn't roll off the tongue, but it will be music to the ears of storage administrators who use it to discover performance issues. In traditional load-testing systems, "They use these synthetic benchmarks to saturate the drives and test the numbers," explained Calypso CEO Eden Kim. "People realize when you put storage into a real application they perform different." The new system defines how to capture your workload and how to use it for assessing the results. "You can open the file and then create an I/O stream map. It's a way to allow you to grab and see what actually occurs in your application. Once you have that, then you can go to the analysis part. You can then save that and create automatically a test script which would be a replay," Kim said. Users can filter data to just the applications they want to test, he added. None of this works on cloud storage unless you're the cloud administrator, Kim noted. Meanwhile, a future update would use uploaded real-world data for test libraries. "The difficulty in doing that is everyone thinks their data is super-secret," he acknowledged. About 1,500 users downloaded the tool and uploaded results so far, Kim said. Results can be analyzed with free online tools for basic results, or with Calypso's paid software for advanced results, although anyone could build analysis products. Meanwhile, at the UNH laboratory, testing has traditionally been limited to storage vendors who are willing to bring their products in firsthand. The only companies that usually do their own storage testing are hyper-scale organizations such as Amazon or Google. Sometimes a very large user might get involved, for example a financial company, lab engineer David Woolf said. But looking forward, he said, "I think there are some things that would be useful for people to understand around testing, and in particular it would be understanding whether or not you're getting the best performance for your workload." That could include knowing what the applications are doing, what traffic patterns you have, and what infrastructure design would work best for them, he added. For storage users who want access to such tests, "This is something that we're working on expanding," Woolf said. "There have been some data center folks that take those and run them in their infrastructure... When we found out that some data centers are using it, it was a little bit of a surprise to us." SEE: Flash storage: A cheat sheet (TechRepublic) For those users, "I think in the future we'll be working on our tools," Woolf continued. "Being able to address performance issues, not just compliance issues, and that I think will be far more interesting." There's not yet a timeline. "It's a little bit of a greenfield area for us... Is there a tool out there that can tell you not just what your data center, your workload, is doing, but also how to improve that? That I think is an area that is not well-covered today," he said. "I would think that's one of the most useful things. There's a lot that needs to be done in order to tune these networks."

Monitoring our resources is essential for having a healthy PC. Knowing peaks of our computers ’abilities can sometimes be a lifesaver, and will prevent us from overloading, and overheating it. But there are so many factors in our computers that need to be monitored. Some of these factors are CPU load, clock speed and temperatures, fan speeds, voltages, RAM usage and more. In this article, specifically, we’re going to talk about CPU temperature measures. If we know our CPU’s current temperature, we can prevent it from potential overheating. Therefore, we can be sure that our computer is functioning normally, even during the hottest days. All in all, knowing these details is crucial, but it’s hard to keep track of so many information. Well, it doesn’t have to be that hard at all, because we know a couple of useful programs that will provide you with any info about your computer’s behavior. So, check out our list of the best software for monitoring your hardware for Windows, and you won’t have to worry if your computer will explode on a hot day. What is the best software for monitoring CPU and hardware temperature? How to choose a good tool to monitor your CPU temperature? We will help decide which one is the best for you by answering a series of questions like: Can you set your CPU speed in it? Does it show internal voltages? Can it monitor the temperature of all cores? Does a monitoring software display GPU temperature? Can you customize processor’s max / min speed? Is it possible to set an automatic shutdown in case of overheating? Does a hardware monitor come in a portable version? AIDA64 Extreme (suggested) AIDA64 Extreme is a comprehensive system analyzer and benchmark tool which including some powerful features as CPU monitoring. Besides that, you can also have a look at your RAM and GPU performance and possible spikes&issues. Its interface is very intuitive and similar to Microsoft Console Management. You can consult a large number of activity indicators. This software also allows you to stress test all your components in a large variety of combinations. HWMonitor is a simple software for displaying your components’ performance. It shows stats like your system’s temperatures, fan speeds, and voltages. This software is developed by CPUID, a developer of CPU-Z and PC Wizard, so we can say it has pedigree. The best thing about HWMonitor is its simplicity. The program lists all results on a single window, divided into layouts. Similarly to the Device Manager in Windows. You can see your motherboard‘s temperatures and voltages, processor’s temperatures and voltages, and your GPU’s temperatures and voltages. Three sets of values are displayed – the current value, the minimum value, and the maximum value. If you just need to quickly check your computer’s temperature, HWMonitor is probably the best solution. However, it doesn’t have some more advanced features, like the ability to save monitoring or SMBus data to a text file, or the ability to control fan speeds or setting warning alarms.

Today, we have information that reveals that the 2018 Honda Odyssey has entered the production lines of the Japanese company to be manufactured in the state of Alabama, as you know Odyssey car targets families, specifically those with children. We have talked about the exterior design of the new generation Honda Odyssey 2018, which maintained an identity derived from its previous generation, but it has evolved for the better thanks to a series of renovations obtained by the front facade, including LED lamps surround the grille and touches of silver chrome, and has changed the roof that became More streamlined. Honda Odyssey 2018 The 2018 Odyssey front-wheel drive is based on a 3.5-liter 280-hp i-VTEC V6 engine, connected to a 9-speed ZF or 10-speed automatic. Since we are talking about a family car focused on Honda, which got more quality materials, and was equipped with a range of modern technologies with an 8-inch screen for infotainment connected to smartphones via Apple CarPlay, Android Auto and 4G LTE and WIFI, also got A digital instrument panel is displayed through a 7-inch screen and is equipped with a rear camera to monitor the actions of children sitting behind and talking to them through a microphone. The rear seat passengers of the 2018 Honda Odyssey also have a 10.2-inch screen connected to the video entertainment system.The second-row seats can be moved to make it easier for third-row passengers to enter. Also read the price of Honda CR-V 2017! The Japanese manufacturer has provided a wide range of safety systems in its 2018 Odyssey family car, including automatic braking, Lane Keep Assist, Blind Spot Alert, and other systems. This car will be available for sale in the world market in a short time from now, and Honda is still retaining the price until this moment.

Whether you want to lose weight, fight fatigue, increase attention or build muscles, exercises can have a major impact on your brain that can last a lifetime. Did you know that exercising has a transformative effect on your brain? Neuroscientist Wendy Suzuki, in her recent TED Talk backed this claim and said that exercising has miraculous effects on your brain that can last a lifetime. Whether you want to lose weight, fight fatigue, increase attention or build muscles, exercises can provide you with that energy boost. Here are four positive effects that any form of exercise can have on your brain: Immediate effects: After every workout, Wendy felt her mood change and she was more energised. She felt stronger as her workout sessions were having a positive impact on her brain. Exercise can improve your mood, memory and attention span as it increases the level of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline. A single workout session can improve your ability to adapt, focus and increase reaction time. New brain cells: Exercises produce brand new brain cells and improve long term memory. The attention function is dependent on your pre-frontal cortex, which improves the volume of hippocampus, which is associated with memory. The more you exercise, the bigger and stronger your hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex become. Reduce risk of neuro disorders: Exercising can reduce the chances of neuro degenerative diseases. With daily workout, you can cure Alzheimer and dementia. Exercises also protect the brain and rejuvenate cells. How much to exercise: Wendy says exercise is a super charged insurance for your brain and a minimum of 30 minutes, three to four times a week is sufficient. So, when are planning to start you daily workout routine?

The US mid-term campaign has entered its last hectic day, in a race that is judged by President Donald Trump's performance in the first two years of his term. Opposition Democrats hope to re-establish control of the House of Representatives, while Republicans seek to tighten their grip on the Senate. Turnout is expected to be high, as more than 34 million voters have already cast their ballots early. Trump and former President Barack Obama have urged their supporters to participate in the vote at rallies they attended on Sunday. "You have to go to the polls on Tuesday and you have to vote," Trump told a gathering of his supporters in the town of Macon, South Georgia. In the past few days, Trump has stepped up his rhetoric on issues including immigration, accusing Democrats in a speech at a rally in Tennessee of trying to "wipe out the US border." Former President Obama urged Americans to avoid giving in to hostility and division. "We've seen repeated attempts to divide us by promoting a political discourse that is intended to upset and frighten us," Obama said at an election rally in Miami, Florida. Trump will continue to promote his party's candidates in Ohio and Indiana on Monday before wrapping up his campaign in Missouri. Why are voters so enthusiastic? The issue of immigration and immigrants remains a hot headline that the two rival parties have sought to exploit. Democrats believe that Trump's tough speech will help them attract the support of young voters, moderate suburban residents and minorities and urge them to go to the polls. Republicans rely on Trump's tough stance to persuade conservatives to vote, especially since many believe Democrats sympathize with illegal immigrants more than American citizens. Trump's recent decision to send 5,000 US military personnel to the border with Mexico to face a "convoy" of immigrants has sharply divided US public opinion. The arms control movement - launched in the wake of the February attack on a school in Parkland, Florida - has also mobilized to urge voters to vote for Democrats. The issue of health care and medical care is one of the topics of great concern to the American voters, especially as Republicans have been trying - with little success so far - to repeal the inexpensive health care law enacted under Obama. Recent events have added a psychological and emotional dimension to the impending elections. In late October, the authorities successfully seized a number of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) to prominent Democratic figures and other well-known Trump opponents. Days later, a gunman killed 11 people in an attack on a synagogue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Both incidents prompted Trump's critics to blame the president for his role in creating a charged atmosphere that enabled attackers to believe they could commit crimes. What about turnout? Turnout in the midterm elections in the United States is usually low, with only 37 percent of registered voters taking part in the election when it was last held in 2014 - a record low since World War II. But analysts say Tuesday's election is likely to rise significantly, with voters on both sides holding strong feelings on competing issues such as health care and immigration. Election officials say 34.3 million voters have already cast their ballots, and that figure could be higher, according to the US University of Florida's Electoral Project. It is noteworthy that the number of voters in the 2014 elections did not exceed 27.5 million voters.

Games Workshop have previewed a new game for Warhammer: Age of Sigmar called Warcry. It is a skirmish based, character and warband campaign development game. Building up the experience of your Chaos warband as it fights in the Allpoints. It comes with beautiful new terrain and I suspect we will see further expansions allowing you to play as other factions! This is Kill Team/Necromunda for Age of Sigmar. Not only Chaos, but there will be 9 non-Chaos factions available to play with rules of their own at the launch date! Here I’ll be doing my usual thing and compiling all the information about the new release as and when the information drops. Just what you need to know, without click-bait, obnoxious ads or pop-ups. Before you get there, check out Dark Fantastic Mills for great 3D printed terrain perfect for wargaming. The DFM terrain is super versatile and light so worldwide shipping is inexpensive. Use the “aos shorts” discount code for a further 10% off the already decent prices. Warcry Warcry seems to be a modern take on a small warband scale version of Age of Sigmar. It’s promised to be a new game drawing on the “some of the best bits of Warhammer Underworlds and Warhammer 40,000: Kill Team“. My guess is a warband type game in the wastes and badlands of the Mortal Realms with some form of card element or simplified combat mechanic using dice (like with in Necromunda). Warcry GAMA Reveal So at GAMA we got a brand new trailer and lots of information: more than just a skirmish version of Warhammer Age of Sigmar – it’s hyper-kinetic, it’s tactical and it’s very, very bloody, featuring bold new game mechanics. perfect for narrative players looking to forge character-driven campaigns where warbands grow and develop through their own journey. gamers looking for a close-matched, fast and exciting experience will find a game that fits both their coffee table and coffee break. you’ll follow the myriad tribes of Chaos – reavers and despoilers from every corner of the realms – as they make their dark pilgrimage to the Varanspire. Warcry explores a never-before-seen side of life (and death!) in the Age of Sigmar. Every model for this game is brand new, reflecting on the dizzying diversity of Chaos on a scale never attempted before and rooted in rich lore that realises the servants of the Dark Gods as deep and varied.

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Computer Hardware The computer is an amazingly useful general-purpose technology, to the point that now cameras, phones, thermostats .. these are all now little computers. This section will cover a lot of ground, introducing major parts and themes of how computer hardware works. "Hardware" refers the physical parts of the computer, and "software" refers to the code that runs on the computer. These are deep and complicated topics, but many of the basic principles make perfect sense and will give you an insight about what's going on behind the scenes. Chips and Transistors Modern computers use tiny electronic components which can be etched onto the surface of a silicon chip. By far the most common electronic component is the "transistor" which works as a sort of valve for a flow of electrons. The transistor is a "solid state" device with no moving parts; it is a basic building block used to construct more complex components. In particular, a "bit" (below) can be built with an arrangement of 5 transistors. The transistor was invented in the early 1950's, replacing the vacuum tube. Since then, transistors have been made smaller and smaller, allowing more and more of them to be etched onto a silicon chip. Moore's Law Moore's law states that the density of transistors on a chip doubles about every 18 months. It is not a scientific law, just a broad prediction that seems to keep working. More broadly, it captures the idea that per dollar, computer technology (not just transistors) gets exponentially better as time goes along. This is quite clear if you look at the cost or capability of computers / cameras etc. you have owned. It might mean that each new generation of computer is faster. OR it could mean that keeping capability constant, computers get cheaper and cheaper .. showing up in more in more contexts as it becomes cost effective (e.g. in your car, your thermostat, ..). CPU Central Processing Unit - inevitable referred to as the "brains" of the computers. The CPU does the active "running" of code, mani[CENSORED]ting data, while the other components have a more passive role, such as storing data. RAM "Random access memory", or just "memory". RAM is the working scratchpad memory the computer uses to store code and data. RAM is effectively a large storage space of "bytes" under the control of the CPU. RAM is relatively fast, able to retrieve the value of any particular byte in a few nanoseconds (1 nanosecond = 1 billionth of a second). The other main feature of RAM is that it only keeps its state so long as it is supplied with power. It is not "persistent". Suppose you are working on your computer and it suddenly loses power and the screen goes blank. You understand that what you were working on is gone .. RAM has been wiped clean, leaving you only with what you last saved to disk (below). Hard Disk or Flash Memory "persistent storage", typically today on a computer provided by a spinning hard disk (also known as "hard drive"), or by "flash memory". The hard disk reads and writes magnetic patterns on a spinning metal disk to store bits, while flash memory is "solid state" .. no moving parts, just silicon chips to store bits. In either case, the storage is persistent, in that it maintain its state even when the power is off. Flash memory (also known as a "flash drive", typically in the form of a usb key) is persistent like a hard disk, and is faster and uses less power than a hard disk. However, per byte, flash is significantly more expensive than hard disk storage. Flash memory has been getting cheaper, so it may take over niches at the expense of hard drives. Flash memory is much slower than RAM memory, so it is not a good replacement for RAM. (Note that Adobe "flash" is unrelated; it is a proprietary media format.) File System The hard disk or flash memory provides persistent storage as a flat, undifferentiated collection of bytes without any organizational structure. Typically the hard disk or flash memory is formatted with a "file system" which organizes the bytes into the familiar pattern of files and directories, where each file and directory has a somewhat useful name like "resume-2010.txt". Essentially, each file refers to a block of bytes, so the "flowers.jpg" name refers to a block of 48KB of bytes which are the data of that image. The file system in effect gives the user a name (and probably an icon) for a block of data bytes, and allows them to do operations on that data, like move it or copy it or open it with a program. The file system also tracks "meta information" about the bytes: how many there are, the time they were last modified. Microsoft uses the proprietary NTFS file system, and Mac OS X has its Apple proprietary HFS + equivalent. Many devices (cameras, MP3 players) use the very old Microsoft FAT32 file system on their flash cards. FAT32 is an old and primitive file system, but it is good where wide support is important (Microsoft claims to hold patents needed to read or write FAT32, but it is widely implemented anyway). Proprietary and patented formats make it hard to store and use your own data. Pictures of Hardware Below images of a low-end Shuttle computer with a 1.8ghz CPU, 512MB of memory and a 160GB hard drive. It cost about $ 200 retail in around 2008. Here is the flat "motherboard", a little smaller than a 8.5 x 11 piece of paper, that the various components plug in to. At the center is the CPU. At the far is the RAM memory. Just to the right of the CPU are a couple support chips. Prominently, one of the chips is covered with a copper "heatsink" .. this presses tightly against the chip, dissipating the heat from the chip into the surrounding air. The CPU also had a very large heatsink, but it was removed to make the CPU visible. Computer Hardware

Types of computer software Software is the program that run the computer and allows us to use it. There are different types of computer software, all of which serve a specific purpose. In learning about computers, one of the first steps is to understand the major types of software, their uses, and applications. Types of Computer Software System Software System software coordinates the activities and functions of hardware and software, and it controls the operations of computer hardware and provides an environment or platform for all the other types of software to work in. It is the most basic type of software in any computer system, which is essential for other programs, applications and the whole computer system to function. (System software examples - Microsoft Windows XP, Mac O S, Linux, Windows Vista, Ubuntu, device drivers, etc.) Application Software Application software is what helps the user perform the tasks of his / her choice. They are non-essential software which are installed and run, depending upon the requirements, in the environment provided by the system software. (Application software examples - MS Office, OpenOffice, Media Players, MS Access, educational software, media development software, Antivirus software, etc.) Programming Software Programming software is used to write, test, debug and develop other software programs and applications. The various programming language editors such as Eclipse - a Java language editor - appear under this category. They are used for creating both the system as well as application software. (Programming software examples - Turbo C, Xilinx, Kiel, compilers, debuggers, Integrated Development Environment (IDE), etc.) Sub-types of Computer Software Apart from the above main types of software there are many other subtypes, which will be mentioned below. Freeware - Freeware is a type of software that anyone can download from the Internet and use for free. (Examples - Google Talk, Yahoo Messenger, uTorrent, etc.) Shareware - Shareware is usually distributed for free on a trial basis. It can be shared without violation of any laws. They usually stop working or prompt the user to purchase the full version, once the trial period expires. (Examples - BearShare, Kazaa, Winzip, etc.) Registry Cleaners - When you install a lot of software - or games for example - your computer’s registry becomes clogged. Registry cleaners are used to clean up or delete all the invalid registry entries which has the benefit of speeding up your computer. (Examples- TuneUp Utilities, Eusing, etc.) Content Control Software - This kind of software allows you to control the content that can be accessed by a user on a computer. They are mostly used for restricting access over the Internet. (Example- K9 Web Protection, PGSurfer, etc.) Project Management Software - As its name suggests, project management software is a software package that helps multiple users to work on a project simultaneously. It allows them to schedule events, network with the other users, allocate resources, etc. (Example- Microsoft Office Project Server, HyperOffice, 24SevenOffice, etc.) Utility Software - These are usually small programs that help the management of the hardware and the application software installed on a computer. (Example- Disk defragmenters, Disk cleaners, etc.) Open Source Software - This is a type of software for which the source code is available to all users (open). As such, anyone can make changes to it and release their own new version. (Example - Linux, Android OS, OpenOffice, etc.) Web Browsers - Browsers are programs that allow you to surf or browse web pages on the Internet. (Example - Internet Explorer, Safari, Mozilla Firefox, etc.) With constant advancements in the field of software engineering, several new software and applications are being developed every day. Hence, the list provided above shouldn’t be considered definitive, as in the coming years, many more newer types of software would have been developed.

Concept cars look beautiful and futuristic, but why do manufacturers spend millions developing them if they're never going to make it into production? Take, for example, the DS X e-tense, a "2035 dream car" produced by the French luxury brand DS. Half open-topped sports car, half luxury saloon, its outlandish styling looks as though it has come straight from the pages of a superhero magazine. Inside, it's no less radical - there's even a holographic personal assistant. It is designed to show what the company thinks a hugely powerful, all-electric self-driving machine might actually be like. It bears little relation to anything the brand currently produces, but that is hardly the point. Some of its radical styling is expected to make it on to a new road-going car that will be unveiled later this year. Other ideas will feed into future designs, and provide a road map for technical research. "A concept car is a development accelerator," explains DS design director Thierry Metroz. Its role, he says, is to "test the new technologies that we imagine for the future, and accelerate their development". Some concepts are a clear statement of intent. Three years ago, Porsche stole the headlines at the Geneva Motor Show with the Mission E - a concept for a fast, high-powered, long-range electric car. The reaction, from press and public, was very positive. As a result, the German marque will begin production of a real-world electric sportscar, the Taycan, in 2019. Prototypes like this take ideas that are already relatively well developed, and put them into a public arena to test reactions. Others have a life beyond the shows. The 1955 Lincoln-Mercury Futura, for example, starred in a Hollywood movie, and eventually became a Batmobile in the 1960s Batman TV series. Making sense of change is a common theme among concept car designers at the moment. For generations car companies have been focused on making petrol or diesel models that appeal to individual drivers. But the current move towards electrification, the headlong development of self-driving technology and the likely expansion of shared use vehicles, potentially threatens the very existence of traditional manufacturers. If we really are heading for a world where city dwellers - at least one day - rely on electric-powered robot taxis to get around, car brands will have to adapt or face extinction as their traditional business models collapse. Renault has chosen to address this uncertainty by embracing it. The French manufacturer has produced a whole fleet of concepts, offering different perspectives on this electrified, automated future. They include a car which actually becomes part of your living room, a large robot-taxi designed to transport a large group of people at once, and an automated delivery van. At the Paris Motor Show recently, it launched the EZ-Ultimo, a sleek driverless luxury limousine with wooden floors, and styling modelled on the radical Prada store building in Tokyo. It certainly looks striking.